In this paper, a novel control scheme with respect to the adaptive decoupling controller based on radial basis function neural network (ADEC-RBFNN) is developed. On one hand, in order to improve the system performance of the torque closed-loop control system (TCLCS) of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) with the effects of the dynamic coupling and back electromotive force (EMF), we present a novel ADEC with which the TCLCS is asymptotically stable under Lyapunov stability theory. On the other hand, considering the uncertainty and time variant of both the PMSM and ADEC parameters, the RBFNN is utilized to optimize the ADEC parameters to achieve optimal system performance. Ultimately, experimental results demonstrate that the torque and current with the proposed control scheme have the good performance of small fluctuation and fast response in the whole ranges of the speed and torque, that is to say, the system with the proposed control scheme is with the good decoupling performance. INDEX TERMS Adaptive decoupling control, permanent magnet synchronous motor, radial basis function neural network, torque closed-loop control system.