Neural Precursor Cell Lines Promote Neurite Branching

Abstract

Schwann cells and primary progenitor cells improve regeneration across peripheral nerve defects. This study examined the impact of immortalized neural precursor cells on regeneration of rat nerve defects. Across 10-mm gaps, neuromas formed without neural cables with C17.2- or RN33B-transplanted cells, but neural cables formed across 5-mm gaps seeded with RN33B cells. In vitro, dorsal root ganglia neurites elongated across Schwann and RN33B cells; RN33B cells induced neurite branching with shorter total outgrowth. Neural cable formation in vivo was likely determined by the balance of guidance and branch-inducing factors secreted by Schwann and transplanted precursor cells.

Isolation of a novel rat neural progenitor clone that expresses dlx family transcription factors and gives rise to functional gabaergic neurons in culture

“…Neural stem/progenitor cell clones generated by v-myc immortalization have been used in culture (Neville et al, 2009) and in vivo (Bakshi et al, 2006) as models for certain types of neural cells from both rodents (Li et al, 2004; Hasegawa et al, 2005; Li et al, 2008) and humans (De Filippis et al, 2008). The isolation and molecular characterization of 17 new clones and the detailed analysis of three of them in this report suggests that each clone is different but groups of clones can be segregated based on their fates after differentiation and patterns of gene expression even prior to differentiation.…”

Peripheral Nerve Regeneration

“…222,[226][227][228][229] The reason for the success of such an approach in the peripheral nerve regeneration milieu has been attributed to the ability of the differentiated mesenchymal stem cells to secrete critical neurotrophins 220,221 that have shown ability to upregulate myelin associated genes and proteins when cocultured with neuronal cells in an in vitro model. [237][238][239][240][241][242][243][244] Of particular interest in the peripheral nerve regeneration arena are the NSCs that are found at the site of gliogenesis, including the sciatic nerve and dorsal root ganglia (DRG). 51,[231][232][233] The advantages of the adiposederived stem cells are that a large amount of cells can be obtained from lipoaspirates and the isolation of the cells does not require a painful procedure involving cell retrieval from the bone marrow and also that the amount of stem cells found in the adipose tissue is several fold higher than in the bone marrow.…”

Bio-nanotechnology Approaches to Neural Tissue Engineering

“…In the United States, approximately 20,000 peripheral nerve injuries required clinical treatment per year (Neville, Huang et al 2009). Most of the injuries are repaired using nerve autografts, however, autografts are limited to the source of donor nerves and can cause donor site morbidity.…”