Neural processing of criticism and positive comments from relatives in individuals with schizotypal personality traits

Premkumar, Preethi; Williams, Steven; Lythgoe, David J.; Andrew, Christopher; Kuipers, Elizabeth; Kumari, Veena

doi:10.3109/15622975.2011.604101

Cited by 19 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…High EE also relates to more distress in people with psychosis-like experiences [3] and to schizotypal personality traits in the non-clinical population [4]. Schizotypy is a set of latent personality traits in the healthy population that reflect a putative risk for psychosis [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity to criticism and praise predicts schizotypy in the non-clinical population: The role of affect and perceived expressed emotion

et al. 2019

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Background:Schizotypy represents a cluster of personality traits consisting of magical beliefs, perceptual aberrations, disorganisation, and anhedonia. Schizotypy denotes a vulnerability for psychosis, one reason being psychosocial stress. High expressed emotion (EE), a rating of high criticism, hostility, and emotional over-involvement from a close relative, denotes psychosocial stress and vulnerability to psychosis, and is associated with schizotypy. This study aimed to decipher the relationship of schizotypy to perceived criticism and perceived praise in terms of affect and perceived EE.Methods:Ninety-eight healthy participants listened to short audio-clips containing criticism, praise, and neutral comments from a stranger, and evaluated them in terms of the comments’ arousal and personal relevance. Participants also answered self-report questionnaires of schizotypy, depression, mood, and perceived EE. Correlational analyses tested the relationship between schizotypy and the evaluations of criticism and praise. Mediation analyses then tested whether depression, positive mood, and perceived EE explained these relationships.Results:Greater relevance of standard criticism correlated with higher positive schizotypy. This association was fully mediated by high depression and perceived irritability from a close relative. Lower relevance of standard praise correlated with higher cognitive disorganisation (another schizotypal trait). This relationship was partially mediated by low positive mood and high perceived intrusiveness from a close relative.Conclusion:Greater perceived criticism and lower perceived praise predict schizotypy in the healthy population. Affect and interpersonal sensitivity towards a close relative explain these relationships, such that depression increases perceived criticism, and positive mood increases perceived praise. Perceived EE defines the interpersonal nature of schizotypy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity to criticism and praise predicts schizotypy in the non-clinical population: The role of affect and perceived expressed emotion

et al. 2019

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“…Patients with schizophrenia make three times as many criticisms and display more hostility when they interact with a high EE parent [15]. Individuals with high schizotypy also encounter more EE-rated hostility than individuals with low schizotypy [16]. Individuals with high schizotypy also react aggressively to peer victimization [11].…”

Section: The Family Context Of the Relationship Between Schizotypy Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

The path from schizotypy to depression and aggression and the role of family stress

2020

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Background. Schizotypy is a multidimensional construct that is linked to the vulnerability for psychosis. Positive schizotypy includes having paranormal beliefs. Negative schizotypy includes social anhedonia. Disorganized schizotypy includes social anxiety and communication disorder. Schizotypy relates to depression and aggression. Family stress from high expressed emotion (EE; a rating of criticism, hostility, and emotional overinvolvement in a close relative toward a person showing signs of mental disorder) may mediate the link between schizotypy, depression and aggression. This study tested, using path analyses, the hypotheses that schizotypy predicts depression and aggression through high perceived EE as criticism and irritability (hypothesis 1) and praise and intrusiveness in a close relative (hypothesis 2). Methods. One hundred and four healthy participants listened to and rated the self-relevance of standard criticism and standard praise that denote EE. Participants rated their level of schizotypy, depression, aggression, and perceived EE in self-report questionnaires. Two path models tested the hypotheses. Results. Disorganized schizotypy, more than positive schizotypy, predicted the path to depression and aggression when perceived criticism and perceived EE-irritability were mediators. Disorganised schizotypy, more than negative schizotypy, predicted the path to depression and aggression when perceived praise and perceived EE-intrusiveness were mediators. Conclusions. Greater perceived criticism and less perceived praise in family communication explain the path from disorganized schizotypy (more so than positive or negative schizotypy) to depression and aggression. These findings indicate a need to consider the thought disorder-EE link as a potential contributor to depression and aggression in people with schizophrenia.

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“…Poor social functioning correlates with negative schizotypy, that is a lack of pleasure from social and physical activities (Rabin et al, 2014;Cohen and Davis, 2009). Lower activation of the 6 insula (a brain region associated with evaluating the salience of an event) during praise could suggest that people with schizotypal traits do not notice praise (Premkumar et al, 2013), which could account for less perceived social support and social QOL.…”

Section: Social Quality Of Life (Qol) Could Explain the Relation Betwmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schizotypal traits and their relation to rejection sensitivity in the general population: Their mediation by quality of life, agreeableness and neuroticism

Premkumar

Onwumere

Betts

et al. 2018

Psychiatry Research

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Schizotypal traits are a cluster of personality styles suggesting a potential liability for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Interpersonal schizotypal traits include cognitive disorganisation which consists of social anxiety, and introvertive anhedonia which consists of a lack of pleasure in social activities. Rejection sensitivity is evident all along this continuum. This study aimed to determine whether psychosocial quality of life (QOL), neuroticism and agreeableness mediates the relation between schizotypy and rejection sensitivity. Three hundred and eighteen participants from a predominantly University student population completed an online survey measuring schizotypy, rejection sensitivity, quality of life, and the five-factor personality traits. A regression analysis determined the prediction of rejection sensitivity by schizotypy, quality of life, and the five personality traits. Analyses examined the mediation of the relation between interpersonal schizotypy and rejection sensitivity by psychological QOL, social QOL, neuroticism, and agreeableness. Cognitive disorganisation and introvertive anhedonia predicted greater rejection sensitivity, which in turn were mediated by psychological QOL, social QOL, neuroticism, and agreeableness. The findings show that interpersonal schizotypy relates to greater rejection sensitivity. Psychosocial factors that lower one's ability to have positive feelings, trusting relationships, and prosocial behaviour, and personality traits that increase worrying mediate this association.

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Neural processing of criticism and positive comments from relatives in individuals with schizotypal personality traits

Cited by 19 publications

References 67 publications

Sensitivity to criticism and praise predicts schizotypy in the non-clinical population: The role of affect and perceived expressed emotion

Sensitivity to criticism and praise predicts schizotypy in the non-clinical population: The role of affect and perceived expressed emotion

The path from schizotypy to depression and aggression and the role of family stress

Schizotypal traits and their relation to rejection sensitivity in the general population: Their mediation by quality of life, agreeableness and neuroticism

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