Neural responses to negative facial emotions: Sex differences in the correlates of individual anger and fear traits

Li, Guangfei; Zhang, Sheng; Le, Thang M.; Tang, Xiaoying; Li, Chiang‐Shan R.

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117171

Cited by 34 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…In our study, females outperformed males in the recognition of sadness and surprise. Several evidences in the literature consistently reported a similar pattern of results for both sadness [23,24,25] and surprise [23]. In addition, according to some investigations, women seem to be more sensitive to sadness whereas men seem to be more sensitive to anger [26,25,27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…In another study by Montagne and coworkers [23] women were reported to be signi cantly more accurate than men at identifying sadness and surprise. Furthermore, Li et al [24]'s study, performed in 1063 participants varying in sex and age, reported that women performed signi cantly better at recognizing facial expressions of sadness and disgust.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the literature, a male advantage in the processing of fearful expressions is not commonly found, except for an fMRI study, observing regional brain responses to face versus shape identi cation, in which men showed more signi cant modulations by both fear and anger affective traits than women [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surgical Masks Impair People's Ability To Accurately Classify Emotional Expressions, Except For Anger

Proverbio

Cerri

2021

Preprint

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Background Recently, the need to continuously wear surgical masks in everyday life has drawn the attention of neuroscientists and psychologists to the negative effects of face covering on social processing. A very recent but not very homogeneous literature has highlighted large costs in the ability to recognize emotions. Methods Here it was investigated how surgical masks covering impaired the recognition of facial mimicry in a large group of 220 undergraduate Italian students. Sex differences in emotion recognition were also observed in 2 subgroups of 94 age-matched participants. Subjects were presented with 112 pictures displaying the faces of 8 actors (4 women and 4 men) wearing or not wearing real facemasks, and expressing 7 emotional states (neutrality, surprise, happiness, sadness, disgust, anger and fear). The task consisted in categorizing the emotion while indicating the recognizability degree with a 3-point Likert scale. Scores underwent repeated measures ANOVAs. Results Overall, face masking reduced emotion recognition by 31%. All emotions were affected by mask covering except for anger. Face covering was most detrimental for sadness and disgust, both relying on mouth and nose inspection. Women showed a better performance for subtle expressions such as surprise and sadness, both in masked and natural conditions, and men for fear recognition (in natural but especially masked conditions). Conclusions Anger display was unaffected by masking, since corrugated forehead and frowning eyebrows were clearly exposed. Unlike digitally created masks, real masks were able to show inhalation-related sucking associated with startle reaction (in surprise, and especially fear expressions), thus providing further cues for emotion recognition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surgical Masks Impair People's Ability To Accurately Classify Emotional Expressions, Except For Anger

Proverbio

Cerri

2021

Preprint

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“…Finally, we did not further consider gender differences in our analysis due to the limited number of subjects. However, numerous studies have shown gender differences in cognitive and affective processing [ 57 , 58 ]. Thus, it will be interesting to further investigate the gender differences in emotion modulation in a future study with a larger sample size.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Expectation of External Sensations of the Chest Regulates the Emotional Perception of Fearful Faces

Jung

Lee

et al. 2021

Brain Sciences

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Emotional perception can be shaped by inferences about bodily states. Here, we investigated whether exteroceptive inferences about bodily sensations in the chest area influence the perception of fearful faces. Twenty-two participants received pseudo-electrical acupuncture stimulation at three different acupoints: CV17 (chest), CV23 (chin), and PC6 (left forearm). All stimuli were delivered with corresponding visual cues, and the control condition included visual cues that did not match the stimulated body sites. After the stimulation, the participants were shown images with one of five morphed facial expressions, ranging from 100% fear to 100% disgust, and asked to classify them as fearful or disgusted. Brain activity was measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging during the facial expression classification task. When the participants expected that they would receive stimulation of the chest (CV17), the ratio of fearful to non-fearful classifications decreased compared to the control condition, and brain activities within the periaqueductal gray and the default mode network decreased when they viewed fearful faces. Our findings suggest that bodily sensations around the chest, but not the other tested body parts, were selectively associated with fear perception and that altering external inferences inhibited the perception of fearful faces.

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“…For the current study, we have obtained permission from the HCP to use both the Open and Restricted Access data. As in our previous work ( Li et al, 2020a , Li et al, 2020b , Li et al, 2020c ), we employed the 1200 Subjects Release (S1200) data set, including behavioral and 3 T MR imaging data of 1206 healthy young adult participants (1113 with structural MR scans) collected from 2012 to 2015. Binge drinking was defined as having four or more drinks for women, or five or more drinks for men on a single day ( Wechsler et al, 1994 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural responses to negative facial emotions: Sex differences in the correlates of individual anger and fear traits

Cited by 34 publications

References 84 publications

Surgical Masks Impair People's Ability To Accurately Classify Emotional Expressions, Except For Anger

Surgical Masks Impair People's Ability To Accurately Classify Emotional Expressions, Except For Anger

Enhanced Expectation of External Sensations of the Chest Regulates the Emotional Perception of Fearful Faces

Perceived stress, self-efficacy, and the cerebral morphometric markers in binge-drinking young adults

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