2016
DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2016.00001
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Neural Substrate Expansion for the Restoration of Brain Function

Abstract: Restoring neurological and cognitive function in individuals who have suffered brain damage is one of the principal objectives of modern translational neuroscience. Electrical stimulation approaches, such as deep-brain stimulation, have achieved the most clinical success, but they ultimately may be limited by the computational capacity of the residual cerebral circuitry. An alternative strategy is brain substrate expansion, in which the computational capacity of the brain is augmented through the addition of n… Show more

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Cited by 53 publications
(70 citation statements)
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References 107 publications
(133 reference statements)
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“…A number of studies have shown that the largely heterogeneous activity patterns of individual neurons in monkey (Kobak et al, 2016; Machens et al, 2010; Mante et al, 2013; Markowitz et al, 2015) and rat (Durstewitz et al, 2010) prefrontal cortex, monkey (Churchland et al, 2010b) and rat (Forsberg et al, 2016) V1, rat olfactory cortex (Kobak et al, 2016), rat thalamus (Chapin and Nicolelis, 1999), rat parietal cortex (Raposo et al, 2014), locust olfactory system (Stopfer et al, 2003), aplysia pedal ganglion (Bruno et al, 2015), and perhaps the entire zebrafish brain (Ahrens et al, 2012) can be explained as generated by a small set of latent variables associated with neural modes. In all these studies, neural modes and their time-varying activation helped describe previously unexplained mechanisms of neural function.…”
Section: Neural Manifolds In Non-motor Brain Corticesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A number of studies have shown that the largely heterogeneous activity patterns of individual neurons in monkey (Kobak et al, 2016; Machens et al, 2010; Mante et al, 2013; Markowitz et al, 2015) and rat (Durstewitz et al, 2010) prefrontal cortex, monkey (Churchland et al, 2010b) and rat (Forsberg et al, 2016) V1, rat olfactory cortex (Kobak et al, 2016), rat thalamus (Chapin and Nicolelis, 1999), rat parietal cortex (Raposo et al, 2014), locust olfactory system (Stopfer et al, 2003), aplysia pedal ganglion (Bruno et al, 2015), and perhaps the entire zebrafish brain (Ahrens et al, 2012) can be explained as generated by a small set of latent variables associated with neural modes. In all these studies, neural modes and their time-varying activation helped describe previously unexplained mechanisms of neural function.…”
Section: Neural Manifolds In Non-motor Brain Corticesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Consistent with these predictions, Hwang and colleagues demonstrated that neural activity in the command nodes after learning a decoder perturbation was fully consistent with a re-aiming strategy [30]*. Others have similarly noted evidence for re-aiming strategies [14,31] and non-perturbation-specific changes in neural activity [32]. Sadtler and colleagues also suggest learning strategies are constrained by natural motor repertoires.…”
Section: Parsing Bmi Learningmentioning
confidence: 89%
“…There is a large gap of knowledge on how external head impacts, through induced brain responses at the time of impact, are related to subsequent, specific neurological disorder and injury severity often observed at a later time in the clinic. The symptoms are presumably a result of aggregated injury to specific brain ROIs, functionally important neural tracts, and/or the underlying structural and functional networks of the brain 5 .…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Establishing the causal or correlative relationships between the various aspects of TBI requires a systems approach 5,24 . Unfortunately, most biomechanical head injury models incorporate generic regions of the brain but not yet targeted ROIs or the structural basis for brain function that is available from advanced neuroimaging (except, perhaps, for limited work incorporating whole-brain tractography 16,44,45 ).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%