2021
DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.696640
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Neural Tissue Homeostasis and Repair Is Regulated via CS and DS Proteoglycan Motifs

Abstract: Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is the most abundant and widely distributed glycosaminoglycan (GAG) in the human body. As a component of proteoglycans (PGs) it has numerous roles in matrix stabilization and cellular regulation. This chapter highlights the roles of CS and CS-PGs in the central and peripheral nervous systems (CNS/PNS). CS has specific cell regulatory roles that control tissue function and homeostasis. The CNS/PNS contains a diverse range of CS-PGs which direct the development of embryonic neural axonal… Show more

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Cited by 28 publications
(30 citation statements)
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“…KS has neuroregulatory properties [ 7 , 15 , 48 ], CS also has cell directive properties in neural crest cell migration and development of the notochord, neural tube, and neural networks [ 49 ] but generally is ascribed weight bearing properties as a component of aggrecan the major CS-PG of weight bearing tissues [ 50 , 51 ]. CS and the related GAG dermatan sulfate (DS) also have cell instructive properties [ 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 ]. These GAGs complement the biodiverse properties of HS.…”
Section: The Cell Instructive Properties Of Gagsmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…KS has neuroregulatory properties [ 7 , 15 , 48 ], CS also has cell directive properties in neural crest cell migration and development of the notochord, neural tube, and neural networks [ 49 ] but generally is ascribed weight bearing properties as a component of aggrecan the major CS-PG of weight bearing tissues [ 50 , 51 ]. CS and the related GAG dermatan sulfate (DS) also have cell instructive properties [ 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 ]. These GAGs complement the biodiverse properties of HS.…”
Section: The Cell Instructive Properties Of Gagsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Formation of neural tissues and neural networks is a highly coordinated process with essential roles for CS-PGs and HS-PGs ensuring that individual neurons precisely reach their designated targets in neural networks during tissue development [ 49 ]. CS-PGs and HS-PGs also have roles in neuronal proliferation, differentiation [ 343 ], synaptic development and specificity determination [ 106 , 334 , 344 ] defining tissue function in adult neural tissues in health and disease [ 15 , 47 , 54 , 345 , 346 , 347 , 348 ].…”
Section: Function Defining Properties Of Hs-pgs and Cs-pgs In Neural ...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although dermatan sulfate-proteoglycans (DS-PGs) ubiquitously exist in various tissues, they distribute abundantly throughout skin, cartilage, and the aorta [2]. DS-PGs play important roles in anti-coagulation, binding to growth factors, wound healing, in the assembly of extracellular matrices, in tissue morphogenesis, and neuronal homeostasis [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. DS side chains are linear polysaccharides covalently attached to core proteins that form PGs [2,10].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…DS chains consist of alternating disaccharide units comprising N-acetyl-D-galactosamine (GalNAc) and L-iduronic acid (IdoA) residues with 50-200 repeats (Figure 1), constructed by specific glycosyltransferases and epimerase [3]. The repeating disaccharide region of DS undergoes maturation by sulfation at the C-4 and C-2 positions on GalNAc and IdoA residues, respectively, thereby exerting a variety of biological functions [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. It should be noted that chondroitin sulfate (CS) consists of GalNAc and D-glucuronic acid (GlcA) (Figure 1).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a key role in the maintenance of brain homeostasis (Hayes & Melrose, 2021). In particular, the ECM constitutes the neurogenic niche that supports the self‐renewal of NSCs/NPCs and their differentiation into NGCs (Bordey, 2006; Spradling et al, 2001).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%