Neural Tube Defects in Pregnancies Among Women With Diagnosed HIV Infection — 15 Jurisdictions, 2013–2017

Reefhuis, Jennita; FitzHarris, Lauren F.; Gray, Kristen Mahle; Nesheim, Steven; Tinker, Sarah C.; Isenburg, Jennifer; Laffoon, Benjamin T.; Lowry, Joseph; Poschman, Karalee; Cragan, Janet D.; Stephens, Fay K; Fornoff, Jane; Ward, Cheryl A; Tran, Tri; Hoover, Ashley; Nestoridi, Eirini; Kersanske, Laura; Piccardi, Monika; Boyer, Morgan; Knapp, Mary; Ibrahim, Abdel Rahman; Browne, Marilyn L.; Anderson, Bridget J.; Shah, Dhara; Forestieri, Nina; Maxwell, Jason; Hauser, Kimberlea W.; Obiri, Godwin U.; Blumenfeld, Rachel; Higgins, Dana; Espinet, Carla P; López, Bernardita; Zielke, Katherine; Jackson, Latoya P; Shumate, Charles; Russell, Kacey; Lampe, Margaret A.

doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6901a1

Cited by 53 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Prior studies have documented the higher risk of COVID-19 among essential workers due to difficulties in social distancing, inadequate access to personal protective equipment and lack of COVID-19-specific disinfection guidelines. 22 23 Additionally, associations between lower levels of education and less understanding of public health messaging around COVID-19 preventive behaviours and greater endorsement of COVID-19 misinformation (eg, underestimating importance of social distancing, misinformed beliefs around COVID-19 vaccination) have been documented in the USA and beyond. 24 25 Conversely, our study findings may also reflect changes in attitudes around COVID-19 preventive behaviours.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of COVID-19 preventive behaviours among adults with chronic diseases in the USA: an analysis of the nationally representative COVID-19 impact survey

2021

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BackgroundPreventive behaviours have been recommended to control the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Adults with chronic diseases (CDs) are at higher risk of COVID-19-related mortality compared to the general population. Our objective was to evaluate adherence to COVID-19 preventive behaviours among adults without CDs compared with those with CDs and identify determinants of non-adherence to COVID-19 preventive behaviours.Study designCross-sectional.Setting and participantsWe used data from the nationally representative COVID-19 Impact Survey (n=10 760) conducted in the USA.Primary measuresAdults with CDs were categorised based on a self-reported diagnosis of diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease/heart attack/stroke, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchitis or emphysema, cystic fibrosis, liver disease, compromised immune system, or cancer (54%).ResultsCompared with adults without CDs, adults with CDs were more likely to adhere to preventive behaviours including wearing a face mask (χ2-p<0.001), social distancing (χ2-p<0.001), washing or sanitising hands (χ2-p<0.001), and avoiding some or all restaurants (χ2-p=0.002) and public or crowded places (χ2-p=0.001). Adults with a high school degree or below [Adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR):1.82, 95% Confidence interval (CI)1.04 to 3.17], household income <US$50 000 (aPR:2.03, 95% CI 1.34 to 2.72), uninsured (aPR:1.65, 95% CI1.09 to 2.52), employed (aPR:1.48, 95% CI 1.02 to 2.17), residing in rural areas (aPR:1.70, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.85) and without any CD (aPR:1.78, 95% CI 1.24 to 2.55) were more likely to not adhere to COVID-19 preventive behaviours.ConclusionAdults with CDs are more likely to adhere to recommended COVID-19 preventive behaviours. Public health messaging targeting specific demographic groups and geographic areas, such as adults without CD or adults living in rural areas, should be prioritised.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of COVID-19 preventive behaviours among adults with chronic diseases in the USA: an analysis of the nationally representative COVID-19 impact survey

2021

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“…The condition is also characterized by restricted and repetitive pattern of behaviors and limited interests. 106 Hundreds of genes have been linked to ASD, and there is no definitive etiology or diagnosis established. In some cases, children with similar genetic variants present with drastically different phenotypes.…”

Section: Nkcc1 Bumetanide and Autismmentioning

confidence: 99%

NKCC1: Newly Found as a Human Disease-Causing Ion Transporter

2020

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SUMMARY Among the electroneutral Na+-dependent chloride transporters, NKCC1 had until now evaded identification as a protein causing human diseases. The closely related SLC12A transporters, NKCC2 and NCC have been identified some 25 years ago as responsible for Bartter and Gitelman syndromes: two renal-dependent salt wasting disorders. Absence of disease was most surprising since the NKCC1 knockout mouse was shown in 1999 to be viable, albeit with a wide range of deleterious phenotypes. Here we summarize the work of the past five years that introduced us to clinical cases involving NKCC1. The most striking cases are of 3 children with inherited mutations, who have complete absence of NKCC1 expression. These cases establish that lack of NKCC1 causes deafness; CFTR-like secretory defects with mucus accumulation in lung and intestine; severe xerostomia, hypotonia, dysmorphic facial features, and severe neurodevelopmental disorder. Another intriguing case is of a patient with a dominant deleterious SLC12A2 allele. This de novo mutation introduced a premature stop codon leading to a truncated protein. This mutant transporter seems to exert dominant-negative effect on wild-type transporter only in epithelial cells. The patient who suffers from lung, bladder, intestine, pancreas, and multiple endocrine abnormalities has, however, normal hearing and cognition. Finally, new reports substantiate the haploinsufficiency prediction of the SLC12A2 gene. Cases with single allele mutations in SLC12A2 have been linked to hearing loss and neurodevelopmental disorders.

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“…The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) were alerted to the first confirmed case of COVID-19 in the U.S. on 22 January 2020; the first reported death occurred on 29 February 2020 in Washington state [ 12 , 13 ]. Due to concern over the contagiousness of COVID-19 and the harm suffered if contracted, the Washington governor declared a state of emergency that same day (29 February 2020) [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol Consumption during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Survey of US Adults

Grossman

Benjamin‐Neelon

Sonnenschein

2020

IJERPH

302

237

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Emerging but limited evidence suggests that alcohol consumption has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study assessed: (1) whether drinking behaviors changed during the pandemic; and, (2) how those changes were impacted by COVID-19-related stress. We conducted a cross-sectional online survey with a convenience sample of U.S. adults over 21 years in May 2020. We conducted adjusted linear regressions to assess COVID-19 stress and alcohol consumption, adjusting for gender, race, ethnicity, age, and household income. A total of 832 responded: 84% female, 85% White, and 72% ages 26–49. Participants reported consuming 26.8 alcohol drinks on 12.2 of the past 30 days. One-third of participants (34.1%) reported binge drinking and 7.0% reported extreme binge drinking. Participants who experienced COVID-19-related stress (versus not) reported consuming more drinks (β = 4.7; CI (0.2, 9.1); p = 0.040) and a greater number of days drinking (β = 2.4; CI (0.6, 4.1); p = 0.007). Additionally, 60% reported increased drinking but 13% reported decreased drinking, compared to pre-COVID-19. Reasons for increased drinking included increased stress (45.7%), increased alcohol availability (34.4%), and boredom (30.1%). Participants who reported being stressed by the pandemic consumed more drinks over a greater number of days, which raises concerns from both an individual and public health perspective.

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Neural Tube Defects in Pregnancies Among Women With Diagnosed HIV Infection — 15 Jurisdictions, 2013–2017

Cited by 53 publications

References 7 publications

Determinants of COVID-19 preventive behaviours among adults with chronic diseases in the USA: an analysis of the nationally representative COVID-19 impact survey

Determinants of COVID-19 preventive behaviours among adults with chronic diseases in the USA: an analysis of the nationally representative COVID-19 impact survey

NKCC1: Newly Found as a Human Disease-Causing Ion Transporter

Alcohol Consumption during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Survey of US Adults

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