Neuraxial Blockade: Subarachnoid Anesthesia

Gudin, Maria Teresa; López-Vicente, Ramón; Ortigosa, Esperanza; Cascante, María Del Mar Caro; Molina, Carmen Garcia; Martín, Sonia Casillas

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-74838-2_11

Essentials of Regional Anesthesia 2018

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-74838-2_11

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Neuraxial Blockade: Subarachnoid Anesthesia

Maria Teresa Gudin¹,

Ramón López-Vicente²,

Esperanza Ortigosa³

et al.

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Cited by 2 publications

References 42 publications

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Metal–Organic Framework-Based Composites for the Detection and Monitoring of Pharmaceutical Compounds in Biological and Environmental Matrices

Rizwan

Selvanathan

Rasool

et al. 2022

Water Air Soil Pollut

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The production of synthetic drugs is considered a huge milestone in the healthcare sector, transforming the overall health, aging, and lifestyle of the general population. Due to the surge in production and consumption, pharmaceutical drugs have emerged as potential environmental pollutants that are toxic with low biodegradability. Traditional chromatographic techniques in practice are time-consuming and expensive, despite good precision. Alternatively, electroanalytical techniques are recently identified to be selective, rapid, sensitive, and easier for drug detection. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are known for their intrinsic porous nature, high surface area, and diversity in structural design that provides credible drug-sensing capacities. Long-term reusability and maintaining chemo-structural integrity are major challenges that are countered by ligand–metal combinations, optimization of synthetic conditions, functionalization, and direct MOFs growth over the electrode surface. Moreover, chemical instability and lower conductivities limited the mass commercialization of MOF-based materials in the fields of biosensing, imaging, drug release, therapeutics, and clinical diagnostics. This review is dedicated to analyzing the various combinations of MOFs used for electrochemical detection of pharmaceutical drugs, comprising antibiotics, analgesics, anticancer, antituberculosis, and veterinary drugs. Furthermore, the relationship between the composition, morphology and structural properties of MOFs with their detection capabilities for each drug species is elucidated.

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Metal–Organic Framework-Based Composites for the Detection and Monitoring of Pharmaceutical Compounds in Biological and Environmental Matrices

Rizwan

Selvanathan

Rasool

et al. 2022

Water Air Soil Pollut

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Regional Anesthesia Subarachnoid Blockade (RASAB) in Scoliosis Patients

Setijanto

Putra²

2023

IJAR

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Introduction: Scoliosis is a three-dimensional spinal deformity that is mainly determined based on the lateral curvature of the spine. Furthermore, regional anesthesia often infiltrates the peripheral nerves with an anesthetic agent and blocks transmission to avoid or relieve pain. A previous study revealed that scoliosis in patients is one of the factors affecting the success of spinal anesthesia. Objective: To obtain a theoretical basis that can support the solution to the RASAB problem. The acceptance of the theory is the first step to providing a better understanding of the study problem based on the scientific framework of thinking. Furthermore, the similarities, differences, and views of several pieces of literature that discussed related issues were evaluated in this review. Review: Regional anesthesia subarachnoid blockade (RASAB) or spinal anesthesia, is a procedure, which involves the administration of local anesthetic drugs into the subarachnoid space. Furthermore, the process is carried out between the lumbar (L) vertebrae L2-L3, L3-L4, or L4-L5. Spinal anesthesia is often used in surgical procedures involving the lower abdomen, pelvis, perineum, and lower extremities. Summary: In the setting of scoliosis, spinal anesthesia is challenging, but is not an absolute contraindication. Patients with scoliosis have unique characteristics, hence, anesthetists need to understand the impact of the disease on the body.

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Neuraxial Blockade: Subarachnoid Anesthesia

Cited by 2 publications

References 42 publications

Metal–Organic Framework-Based Composites for the Detection and Monitoring of Pharmaceutical Compounds in Biological and Environmental Matrices

Metal–Organic Framework-Based Composites for the Detection and Monitoring of Pharmaceutical Compounds in Biological and Environmental Matrices

Regional Anesthesia Subarachnoid Blockade (RASAB) in Scoliosis Patients

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