Neuroanatomie des okulomotorischen Systems

Abstract

After just a clinical examination, the experienced neurologist can assign specific symptoms quite precisely to distinct lesions within the brain and other parts of the nervous system, on the basis of his neuroanatomical knowledge. This also holds true for lesions affecting the oculomotor system. The aim of this article is to give a comprehensive overview of the neuroanatomical basis of the oculomotor system, in order to facilitate the precise spatial assignment of potential lesions affecting the control of eye movements. After a brief introduction, the components of the system are discussed, including the extraocular muscles and their innervating nerves. The following section will then cover the control of eye movements and will specifically address distinct patterns of eye movements and areas within the central nervous system controlling these. This article also gives a brief overview of the intraocular muscles and their control.

Unified Neuromechanical Control Model for Rhythmic and Discrete Hand Movements

“…The type of movement in every creature that can move is based on environmental conditions and body structures [4]. Various species' movement systems have standard features that follow a specific pattern [5]. The nervous system receives and processes multi-state motor neuron information and produces commands to control movement [6].…”

Clinical characteristics in patients with oculomotor paralysis caused by isolated midbrain infarction

“…Oculomotor paralysis (OP) is a common and clinically important neuro-ophthalmologic sign characterized by diplopia, ptosis, and pupillary dilation, and its aetiology is diverse and complex [9]. Many different factors have been reported to cause OP, such as diabetes, aneurysms, tumours, cerebral infarction, and subarachnoid haemorrhage [13,17].…”