Neuroanatomy of vulnerability to psychosis: A voxel-based meta-analysis

Cortical thinning and caudate abnormalities in first episode psychosis and their association with clinical outcome

“…Others identified right (Witthaus et al, 2009) and bilateral (Takahashi et al, 2010) STG reduction in individuals at ultra-high risk of psychosis (UHR), and a recent meta-analysis associated STG volume reduction with transition from UHR to psychosis (Fusar-Poli et al, 2011a). Our study also supports STG volume loss as an early morphometric marker in psychosis.…”

COMT, neuropsychological function and brain structure in schizophrenia: a systematic review and neurobiological interpretation

“…130 However, reduced prefrontal activation during the n-back task has been associated with a reduction in prefrontal volume in people at ultra-high risk for psychosis, suggesting that "these 2 fundamental pathophysiological features of the disorder are interrelated." 117 Moreover, 2 studies that adopted working memory tasks similar to the n-back task (the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale arithmetic subtest and digit span backward, respectively) reported a association between worse working memory performance and reduced frontal, prefrontal and temporal lobe volumes in patients with schizophrenia. 131,132 Taken together, these data suggest that worse n-back performance is associated with reduced prefrontal and temporal lobe volumes.…”

Proteomic pathway analysis of the hippocampus in schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder implicates 14-3-3 signaling, aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling, and glucose metabolism: Potential roles in GABAergic interneuron pathology

“…Deficits of hippocampal connectivity and structural volumes have been demonstrated in schizophrenia and bipolar patients (Bilder et al, 1995;Glahn et al, 2010;Glahn et al, 2008;Ng et al, 2009). While some findings are similar for both disorders (Haukvik et al, 2014;Mathew et al, 2014), differences are described in the overall extent and in the premorbid manifestation of hippocampal volume reductions (Ellison-Wright and Bullmore, 2010;Fornito et al, 2009;Fusar-Poli et al, 2011;Fusar-Poli et al, 2012), which may relate to different underlying biological mechanisms (Bellivier et al, 2013). At the histological and cellular level, several studies have found hippocampal neurons of compromised morphology and organization, as well as pre-synaptic and dendritic deficits, in schizophrenia (Harrison, 2004) and bipolar disorder (Konradi et al, 2011b).…”