Neurobehavioral effects of exposure to trichloroethylene through a municipal water supply

Reif, John S.; Burch, James B.; Nuckols, John R.; Metzger, Linda S.; Ellington, David; Anger, W. Kent

doi:10.1016/s0013-9351(03)00131-2

Cited by 59 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Across all of these studies, there was consensus that the use of GIS was instrumental in achieving optimal exposure assessment. In our example studies, GIS improved resolution of the source of potential exposure (Elliott et al 2001; Reif et al 2003), identified the most likely route of exposure (Reif et al 2003), and estimated levels of target contaminants for use in estimating exposure to the study population (Nyberg et al 2000; Reif et al 2003). Our examples of environmental epidemiology studies using GIS also emphasize the importance of interdisciplinary study teams.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study reported by Reif et al (2003) concerning TCE and neurobehavioral demonstrated that improvement in exposure assessment techniques “refined exposure . .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These uses range from simply locating the study population by geocoding addresses (assigning mapping coordinates) to using proximity to contaminant source as a surrogate for exposure (Bell et al 2001; Comba et al 2003; Langholz et al 2002; Xiang et al 2000) to integrating environmental monitoring data into the analysis of the health outcomes (Floret et al 2003; Gallagher et al 1998; Reynolds et al 2002a, 2002b, 2003). However, most of the latter studies have been ecologic in design; relatively few studies have used GIS in estimating environmental levels of a contaminant at the individual level (Nyberg et al 2000; Reif et al 2003; Rogers et al 2000). A number of studies have used GIS to design exposure metrics for use in epidemiologic studies (Bellander et al 2001; Brody et al 2002; Cicero-Fernandez et al 2001; Gunier et al 2001; Inserra et al 2002; Kohli et al 1997; Rull and Ritz 2003; Swartz et al 2003; Ward et al 2000).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Using Geographic Information Systems for Exposure Assessment in Environmental Epidemiology Studies

Nuckols

Ward

Järup

2004

Environ Health Perspect

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263

149

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Geographic information systems (GIS) are being used with increasing frequency in environmental epidemiology studies. Reported applications include locating the study population by geocoding addresses (assigning mapping coordinates), using proximity analysis of contaminant source as a surrogate for exposure, and integrating environmental monitoring data into the analysis of the health outcomes. Although most of these studies have been ecologic in design, some have used GIS in estimating environmental levels of a contaminant at the individual level and to design exposure metrics for use in epidemiologic studies. In this article we discuss fundamentals of three scientific disciplines instrumental to using GIS in exposure assessment for epidemiologic studies: geospatial science, environmental science, and epidemiology. We also explore how a GIS can be used to accomplish several steps in the exposure assessment process. These steps include defining the study population, identifying source and potential routes of exposure, estimating environmental levels of target contaminants, and estimating personal exposures. We present and discuss examples for the first three steps. We discuss potential use of GIS and global positioning systems (GPS) in the last step. On the basis of our findings, we conclude that the use of GIS in exposure assessment for environmental epidemiology studies is not only feasible but can enhance the understanding of the association between contaminants in our environment and disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study reported by Reif et al (2003) concerning TCE and neurobehavioral demonstrated that improvement in exposure assessment techniques “refined exposure . .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using Geographic Information Systems for Exposure Assessment in Environmental Epidemiology Studies

Nuckols

Ward

Järup

2004

Environ Health Perspect

Self Cite

263

149

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“…People exposed to manganese occupationally, and who also reported drinking more than 400 grams of alcohol per week, reported a constellation of subjective states including anger, vigor, confusion, tension, depression, and fatigue (Bouchard et al, 2003). In a second example, also using the Profile of Mood States, an organic solvent, trichloroethylene, was reported to have effects that resembled those of ethanol (Reif et al, 2003). In this case, exposure was low level and environmental because it occurred in drinking water as a result of contamination of a municipal water supply.…”

Section: Operant Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental health and behavior analysis: Contributions and interactions.

Newland¹

2013

APA Handbook of Behavior Analysis, Vol. 2: Translating Principles Into Practice.

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The heightened public awareness that environmental contaminants can act on the nervous system and have effects that appear in behavior presents a major challenge to behavioral scientists in all areas. They are being asked to conduct both hazard assessment (are there neurobehavioral effects of some chemical at any dose?) and risk assessment (what is the risk to a population at a specific level of exposure?) for behavioral effects that are not always well understood. The heavy metal lead provides an excellent example. Concern over lead poisoning lies in claims that it lowers scores on IQ tests, retards academic performance, and results in disruptive and even criminal behavior. The problems posed are daunting: How easy is it to detect a 5-point drop in scores on IQ tests? Can scientists predict these effects from experimental models using laboratory animals? Can they identify behavioral and neural mechanisms that account for these effects? What economic costs are incurred if the average IQ drops a few points, and how does this cost compare with that of reducing lead in the environment?These concerns are reflected in policymaking. Federal legislation and regulation of toxic substances specifically include behavior, including schedule-controlled operant behavior, as a regulatory endpoint (Tilson, 1990). The inclusion of nervous system damage in general, and its behavioral manifestations in particular, represents a sea change in public concern over unintended exposure to chemicals. Where cancer has been (and still is) a significant concern, the recognition that adverse behavioral effects follow certain types of chemical exposure is increasing. These effects carry over into a large number of domains. Environmental contaminants, even at very low exposure levels, contribute to disorders across the life span, including developmental disabilities and the hastening of age-related impairments. Behavioral scientists' understanding of how this happens not only has public policy implications but can also inform them about the behavior and neurobiology surrounding these disorders.

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“…The growing body of literature on this application most commonly includes studies that assess geographic proximity of individuals to sources of environmental contaminants such as pesticide application on farms (Reynolds et al, 2005), landfill sites (O’Leary et al, 2004), and hazardous waste sites (Elliott et al, 2001; McNamee and Dolk, 2001). On occasion, investigators implement environmental fate and transport models to improve the exposure assessment (Reif et al, 2003; Yu et al, 2006; Riggs, 2007). These spatial applications are valuable for prospective data collection when monitoring campaigns are uneconomical, and for retrospective data collection in which collecting individual biomarkers or environmental measures is unattainable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of land surface remotely sensed satellite and airborne data for environmental exposure assessment in cancer research

Maxwell

Meliker

Goovaerts

2009

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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In recent years, geographic information systems (GIS) have increasingly been used for reconstructing individual-level exposures to environmental contaminants in epidemiological research. Remotely sensed data can be useful in creating space-time models of environmental measures. The primary advantage of using remotely sensed data is that it allows for study at the local scale (e.g., residential level) without requiring expensive, time-consuming monitoring campaigns. The purpose of our study was to identify how land surface remotely sensed data are currently being used to study the relationship between cancer and environmental contaminants, focusing primarily on agricultural chemical exposure assessment applications. We present the results of a comprehensive literature review of epidemiological research where remotely sensed imagery or land cover maps derived from remotely sensed imagery were applied. We also discuss the strengths and limitations of the most commonly used imagery data (aerial photographs and Landsat satellite imagery) and land cover maps.

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Neurobehavioral effects of exposure to trichloroethylene through a municipal water supply

Cited by 59 publications

References 32 publications

Using Geographic Information Systems for Exposure Assessment in Environmental Epidemiology Studies

Using Geographic Information Systems for Exposure Assessment in Environmental Epidemiology Studies

Environmental health and behavior analysis: Contributions and interactions.

Use of land surface remotely sensed satellite and airborne data for environmental exposure assessment in cancer research

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