Neurobiologic basis of craving for carbohydrates

Ventura, Tamara; Santander, Jaime; Torres, Rafael; Contreras, Ana María Carmona

doi:10.1016/j.nut.2013.06.010

Cited by 44 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Note that gender effects also appear in the subsequent levels of the model, as discussed below. Further behavioural field studies are required as these lines of thought have been insufficiently explored, especially when compared to the body of research dealing with sugar craving (Ventura, Santander, Torres, & Contreras, 2014).…”

Section: Contemporary Effects and Implications For Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meat traditions. The co-evolution of humans and meat

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Contemporary Effects and Implications For Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meat traditions. The co-evolution of humans and meat

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Furthermore, the consumption of high-sugar snacks seems to be the main cause for the increase in intrahepatic triglyceride content (IHTG) 34 . Finally, the usual rapid and high glycemic peak caused by ultra-processed products, together with their lack in fiber, proteins and water, triggers an excessive consumption 19,35 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 It has been suggested that ketone bodies reduce hunger through different and complex mechanisms 17 ; on the other side it is known that post prandial glucose and insuline spikes, tipically produced after the intake of traditional ultra-processed products which usually show a high glycemic index (GI) 5 elicit food craving and overeating, with a preference for high-GI carbohydrates 18 , a phenomenon defined as the CHO-craving effect. 19 . Conversely, the consumption of non-processed foods low in simple sugars may ameliorate overeating and facilitate the maintenance of a healthy weight.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Different High-Protein Low-Carbohydrates Proprietary Foods on Blood Sugar in Healthy Subjects

Lodi

Karsten

Bosco

et al. 2016

Journal of Medicinal Food

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of our work was to analyze the effects on blood sugar through the calculation of the glycemic score (GS) of 10 different high-protein-low-carbohydrates proprietary foods which are commonly used as meals during very low carbohydrate ketogenic diet or during low carbohydrate diet. 14 healthy female tested the glycemic response curve elicited by 1000 Kj of glucose three times within 3 weeks period (1 test each week) compared to each of the 10 test-foods once on separate days twice a week. After determining the GS of each food in each individual, the mean GS of each test food was calculated. All test foods, compared to glucose, produced a significantly lower glycemic response . The GS of all test foods resulted lower than 25 and the difference between the mean glycemia after the intake of glucose (mean 122 ±15 mg/dl) and after the intake of the sweet test foods (mean 89 ± 7 mg/dl) was of 33 mg/dl (P<0.001), whereas that after the intake of glucose and the savory test foods (mean 91 ± 8 mg/dl ) was of 31mg/dl (P<0.001). We can conclude that the reformulation of ultra-processed ready-to-consume foods in a low carbohydrate, high protein version can produce a significant low glycemic response while maintaining the valued ready-to-use format and high palatability demanded by consumers. The low impact on postprandial glycemia and the nutritional characteristics of these proprietary foods make them useful both in weight control and in diabetes care dietary management.

show abstract

“…The development and subsequent validation of the Yale food addiction scale (YFAS) (Gearhardt et al, 2009, Gearhardt et al, 2013, Pedram et al, 2013) that mirrors the criteria for substance dependence as described in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-V (DSM-5) (First and American Psychiatric Association), provides a clinical method of assessing food addiction in human populations. Sugar has been specifically shown to produce addictive-like behaviours and emotional states (Avena et al, 2008, Ventura et al, 2014, Benton, 2010. Indeed, intermittent access to sucrose increases DA levels in the NAc, a key region of the brain involved in processing motivation and reward (Avena et al, 2008).…”

Section: Sugar/food Addiction -A Developing Paradigmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the addictive properties of sugar are still speculative, these observations combined with studies demonstrating the contribution of excessive sugar intake to changes in reward circuitry and the development of addictive-like behaviours and emotional states in animal models (Avena et al, 2008, Ventura et al, 2014, Benton, 2010, warrants the need for further investigation. Therefore, we used an intermittent two-bottle choice model of sucrose consumption in rats, to investigate changes morphological changes in medium spiny neurons (MSN) from the nucleus accumbens (NAc), a key component of the brain's reward circuitry that is also involved in determining the predictive value of learned-associations, which affect motivated behaviours (Berridge, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Binge-Like Sucrose Consumption on the Mesolimbic Reward Pathway in the Brain

Shariff¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Obesity is becoming a worldwide epidemic (WHO, 2000, Leigh and Morris, 2016, Lifshitz and Lifshitz, 2014, James, 2004. Pharmacotherapeutics that attempt to stem overweight and obesity have largely been ineffective and often are accompanied by adverse side effects (Glazer, 2001). It is therefore imperative to develop effective strategies to combat obesity. A paradigm that has gained momentum relatively recently is the development of addiction to fat and sweet food (Fortuna, 2012, Smith and Robbins, 2013, Volkow et al., 2013a. While drugs of abuse affect various brain subregions, they have been shown to act on three major areas of the brain, namely the brain stem, the limbic system and the cerebral cortex (NIDA, 2010).The limbic system is an interconnected collection of brain structures such as the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and the basolateral amygdala (BLA), whose neural connectivities encode emotional states such as anticipation of reward and motivation (Berridge, 2012). At the molecular level, in addition to the various dysregulatory outcomes in relation to neurotransmitters, it is the dysregulation of balance between dopamine (DA) and acetylcholine (ACh) in the limbic system, especially in the NAc that has been found to drive and maintain behaviours that perpetuate addiction to substances of abuse (Hoebel et al., 2007, Aosaki et al., 2010. Interestingly, sucrose, a potent contributor to the development of obesity (Lakhan and Kirchgessner, 2013, Tappy et al., 2010), has been shown, albeit indirectly, to affect the release of DA in the NAc via the nAChRs (Avena et al., 2008). The role of specific subtypes of nAChRs in the NAc has yet to be elucidated in relation to sucrose consumption.Firstly, this study establishes that the nAChRs are involved in regulating sucrose consumption. Based on the various nAChRs agonists/partial agonists and antagonists tested systemically, it is surmised that *nAChRs are involved in mediating sucrose consumption.Furthermore, coupled to the changes in nAChRs, this study also sheds light for the first time ii on the global morphological changes that occur in the dendrites of the neurons in the NAc and BLA reminiscent of similar changes due to drugs of abuse, suggestive of a global imbalance at the level of the NAc and amygdala. Further studies are warranted to determine the precise functional significance of the morphological changes that are reported in this study, and to discover potential newer pharmacotherapies that target the nAChRs. At the present time, however, varenicline, an FDA approved pharmacotherapeutic, appears to be an attractive agent in reducing sucrose intake. Varenicline may hold potential benefits in lowering weight gain thus concomitantly lowering the global burden of obesity-related disease.iii

show abstract

Neurobiologic basis of craving for carbohydrates

Cited by 44 publications

References 34 publications

Meat traditions. The co-evolution of humans and meat

Meat traditions. The co-evolution of humans and meat

The Effects of Different High-Protein Low-Carbohydrates Proprietary Foods on Blood Sugar in Healthy Subjects

The Effects of Binge-Like Sucrose Consumption on the Mesolimbic Reward Pathway in the Brain

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About