Neurobiology of adult and teenage suicide

Pandey, Ghanshyam N.

doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2011.01.008

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 178 publications

(193 reference statements)

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“…Similarly, low serotonergic function was observed in suicide attempters with major depressive disorder (MDD), as indicated by a blunted prolactin response to challenge dosing with a serotonin reuptake inhibitor, fenfluramine [30]. Among the many serotonin (5-HT) receptor subtypes, extensive postmortem studies implicate 5-HT 2A receptors [19]. Early studies found increased 5-HT 2A binding in suicide victims compared to controls [31], and subsequent studies similarly showed patterns of increased protein expression of 5-HT 2A in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus in suicide victims [32].…”

Section: Neurochemical Findings In Target Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent review by Pandey and colleagues discussed the role of key transcription factors and target genes involved in suicide [19]. Most studies discussed used postmortem brain samples, and results broadly implicate serotonin subtype receptor abnormalities, along with variations in G proteins, the effector phospholipase C (PLC), and protein kinases A and C (PKA and PKC) (see Table 3) [19]. PKC activates the transcription factor cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein (CREB) that, in turn, regulates the expression of target plasticity genes such as brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).…”

Section: Genetics and Epigeneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neurobiological aspects of suicide and suicide attempts in bipolar disorder

Mathews

Richards

Niciu

et al. 2013

Translational Neuroscience

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Suicide and bipolar disorder (BD) are challenging, complex, and intertwined areas of study in contemporary psychiatry. Indeed, BD is associated with the highest lifetime risk for suicide attempt and completion of all the psychiatric conditions. Given that several clinical risk factors for both suicide and BD have been well noted in the literature, exploring the neurobiological aspects of suicide in BD may provide insights into both preventive measures and future novel treatments. This review synthesizes findings regarding the neurobiological aspects of suicide and, when applicable, their link to BD. Neurochemical findings, genes/epigenetics, and potential molecular targets for current or future treatments are discussed. The role of endophenotypes and related proximal and distal risk factors underlying suicidal behavior are also explored. Lastly, we discuss the manner in which preclinical work on aggression and impulsivity may provide additional insights for the future development of novel treatments.

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Section: Neurochemical Findings In Target Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Genetics and Epigeneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobiological aspects of suicide and suicide attempts in bipolar disorder

Mathews

Richards

Niciu

et al. 2013

Translational Neuroscience

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“…Recently, there has been a growing interest in understanding the diverse factors mediating suicidal behavior (Jimenez-Treviño & Blasco-Fontecilla, 2011, Amitai & Apter, 2012), which are likely to involve interaction between genetic, environmental, and developmental factors (Brezo et al, 2008, Zalsman, 2010, Pandey GN, 2011). Attempters appear particularly sensitive to social disapproval and have reduced ability to forecast positive outcomes of their actions, resulting in choosing options with high immediate reward (van Heeringen et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are structural brain abnormalities associated with suicidal behavior in patients with psychotic disorders?

Giakoumatos

Tandon

Shah

et al. 2013

Journal of Psychiatric Research

107

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Suicide represents a major health problem world-wide. Nevertheless, the understanding of the neurobiological underpinnings of suicidal behavior remains far from complete. We compared suicide attempters to non-attempters, and high vs. low lethality attempters, to identify brain regions associated with suicidal behavior in patients with psychotic disorders. 489 individuals with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or psychotic bipolar disorder I and 262 healthy controls enrolled in the B-SNIP study were studied. Groups were compared by attempt history and the highest medical lethality of previous suicide attempts. 97 patients had a history of a high lethality attempt, 51 of a low lethality attempt and 341 had no attempt history. Gray matter volumes were obtained from 3T structural MRI scans using FreeSurfer. ANCOVAs were used to examine differences between groups, followed by Hochberg multiple comparison correction. Compared to non-attempters, attempters had significantly less gray matter volume in bilateral inferior temporal and superior temporal cortices, left superior parietal, thalamus and supramarginal regions, right insula, superior frontal and rostral middle frontal regions. Among attempters, a history of high lethality attempts was associated with significantly smaller volumes in the left lingual gyrus and right cuneus. Compared to non-attempters, low lethality attempters had significant decreases in the left supramarginal gyrus, thalamus and the right insula. Structural brain abnormalities may distinguish suicide attempters from non-attempters and high from low lethality attempters among individuals with psychotic disorders. Regions in which differences were observed are part of neural circuitries that mediate inhibition, impulsivity and emotion, visceral, visual and auditory perception.

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“…Some risk factors have been identified (Undurraga, Baldessarini, Valenti et al, 2012;Bellivier, Yon, Luquiens et al, 2011) as well as different ways to highlight biological markers of suicide have been tried (Turecki, Ernst, Jollant et al, 2012;Pandey & Dwivedi, 2012;Pandey, 2011;Mann & Currier, 2010;Donati, Dwivedi, Roberts et al, 2008;Mann, 2003;Turecki, 2001;Stanley & Stanley, 1989;Stanley et al, 1986).…”

Section: Som and "Suicidal Ideation"mentioning

confidence: 99%

Platelet’s Fatty Acids and Differential Diagnosis of Major Depression and Bipolar Disorder through the Use of an Unsupervised Competitive-Learning Network Algorithm (SOM)

Benedetti¹,

Bucciarelli²,

Canestrari³

et al. 2014

OJD

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Aim of the study: The main purpose of this work was to verify, through the study of three fatty acids of platelets (namely: Palmitic Acid-PA, Linoleic Acid-LA, Arachidonic Acid-AA) the ability to distinguish adult subjects with Major Depression (MD) from those with Bipolar Disorder (BD), using an artificial neural network (Self Organizing Map-SOM) and an indirect index of the viscosity of the membrane (B2), in agreement with previous results; secondly, the ability to understand any similarities between children and adults in the molecular characterization of mood disorders, both in general and in relation to a subset of individuals with suicidal ideation, indicated by the survey instruments used (SOM). Design: The study design, in order to achieve the objectives, has forecast the recruitment of three groups of subjects without regard to sex, age, food intake patterns, or pharmacological therapies: 1) Controls; 2) Subjects with Major Depression; 3) Subjects with Bipolar Disorder. They were provided for the following investigations: 1) Platelet Fatty Acids analysis; 2) Plasma and platelet serotonin levels; 3) Oxidative stress and inflammation markers. * Corresponding authors. S. Benedetti et al. 53Moreover, the data of the fatty acids of platelets, previously obtained by a group of children were used, for comparison, in the SOM, with adults surveyed. Subjects participating in the study: All participants, volunteer, were recruited in the judgment of psychiatrists as they presented themselves to the office visit of the "Dipartimento di Salute Mentale", ASUR 4, Fano, Italy. All subjects were submitted to a semi-structured interview based on DSM-IV-TR criteria. 21-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), Clinical Global Impressions Scale (CGI), Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90), and Hypomania/Mania Symptom Checklist (HCL-32) were also applied to each patient. Adult subjects who did not give consent, patients with a diagnosis other than an affective disorder and subjects in their first clinical episode were excluded. The study was double blind. Outcomes: The results obtained have confirmed the main objective of the study. It was possible to obtain, in fact, the recognition of individuals with Major Depression and Bipolar Disorder, using the SOM and the index B2. Value of the study: The methodology used in this study may be of utility, such as quantitative diagnostic support to the psychiatrist, in order to reduce the high error that occurs in the first diagnosis, with regard to mood disorders. Limitations of this study: The limitations of this study are mainly related to the number of controls. They should have been more numerous such as the number of suicidal ideations. About the comparison with children, the main limitation seems to be the lack of psychiatric diagnosis of children, so that any results just assume the value of hypotheses. Future Research: Because of the strong classificatory properties of the SOM, it would require a RCT in a larger sample of subjects with mood dis...

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Neurobiology of adult and teenage suicide

Cited by 14 publications

References 178 publications

Neurobiological aspects of suicide and suicide attempts in bipolar disorder

Neurobiological aspects of suicide and suicide attempts in bipolar disorder

Are structural brain abnormalities associated with suicidal behavior in patients with psychotic disorders?

Platelet’s Fatty Acids and Differential Diagnosis of Major Depression and Bipolar Disorder through the Use of an Unsupervised Competitive-Learning Network Algorithm (SOM)

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