Neurobiology of Zinc-Influenced Eating Behavior

Shay, Neil F.; Mangian, Heather

doi:10.1093/jn/130.5.1493s

Cited by 117 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Blood was col- 1 The composition of all ingredients is given in grams per 100 g of diet. 2 The mineral mixture and the vitamin mixture were based on AIN-93G formulation ( 15 ). ZnCO 3 was omitted from the AIN-93G mineral mixture.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Zinc's Role in Rat Preference for a Low-Fat Diet in a Two-Choice Diet Program of Low- and High-Fat Diets

Nakashima

2011

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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SummaryTo investigate the change in preference for a low-fat diet (LFD) and a high-fat diet (HFD) under disorders induced by a zinc (Zn)-deficiency, two groups of 4-wk-old male rats were fed a two-choice diet of Zn-deficient (ZnD; 0.75 mg/kg) and Zn-adequate (ZnA; 30.75 mg/kg) LFD and HFD. After 21 d, 10 rats in each of the two groups were sacrificed. The remaining ZnD rats were switched to ZnA diets for 7 d. Intakes of the LFD and the HFD were measured to determine the diet preferences of the ZnD, the ZnA and the Zn-recovered groups. Energy intake of the ZnD group was significantly lower than that of the ZnA group and showed cyclical 3-to 4-d patterns of decrease. In the ZnD group, although the LFD intake decreased parallel to the reduction in the energy intake, the HFD intake did not show the cyclical pattern of decrease. The reduced intake of the LFD in the ZnD rats was accompanied by a low carbohydrate intake and a low plasma insulin concentration. When the ZnD group recovered sufficient amounts of Zn, the energy intake was restored to normal levels and the difference in the LFD intake and the plasma insulin concentration disappeared between the ZnD and the ZnA groups. It was supposed that the specific change in the LFD intake patterns during development and recovery from Zn-deficiency might be related to Znmediated changes in impaired synthesis and the release of insulin from the pancreas. Key Words zinc-deficiency, self-selection, preference for a low-fat diet, two-choice diet program, high-fat diet Zinc (Zn) is essential for animals and humans, and is required for many physiological functions. A Zn-deficiency in both animals and humans causes anorexia, a taste disorder, a poor appetite, impaired growth and dermatitis ( 1-3 ). Within 3 to 5 d after giving rats a Zndeficient (ZnD) diet, food intake is suppressed ( 3,4 ). This decrease in food intake is the first sign of Zn-deficiency, followed by other symptoms associated with Zndeficiency ( 3 ). Therefore, Zn may play an important role in the regulation of food intake.From a whole-body perspective, ZnD rats have significantly reduced body weight and carcass fat, and lower circulating leptin and insulin concentrations that play key roles in energy nutrient metabolism compared to the Zn-adequate (ZnA) rats ( 4-7 ). Leptin is produced by adipose tissue and has potent effects on body weight and food intake regulation. Another adiposity signal is insulin, which is the controller of blood glucose levels, and chronically high levels of insulin consequently lead to obesity ( 8 ). Arora and Anubhuti reported that leptin and insulin are ideal candidates for lipogenic function because their levels are closely related to adiposity, and their central administration decreases food intake ( 9 ). However, feeding is a complex behavior and the mechanisms by which Zn-deficiency induces anorexia are unclear. Zn-deficiency results in a reduction of food intake, suggesting that Zn status may affect the complex mechanisms underlying normal food intake.In a previous paper, we re...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A Zn-deficiency in both animals and humans causes anorexia, a taste disorder, a poor appetite, impaired growth and dermatitis (1)(2)(3). Within 3 to 5 d after giving rats a Zndeficient (ZnD) diet, food intake is suppressed ( 3,4 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc's Role in Rat Preference for a Low-Fat Diet in a Two-Choice Diet Program of Low- and High-Fat Diets

Nakashima

2011

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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“…Zinc is a trace element contained mostly in foods of animal origin and, to a lesser degree, in cereals and dairy products. Zinc deficiency appears to be associated with reduced appetite generally and may result from or lead to decreased intake of zinc-rich foods by older people (Shay & Mangian, 2000). Zinc may be important in taste perception.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc status and taste acuity in older Europeans: the ZENITH study

Stewart-Knox

Simpson²,

Parr

et al. 2005

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Background: Age-related decline in taste acuity may be both a cause and an effect of depleted zinc and/or increased zinc requirement. Objective: The aim of this study was to explore associations between zinc status and taste acuity in healthy older European adults aged 55-90 y. Sample: Volunteers were recruited within Italy (n ¼ 108 aged 70-90 y), the United Kingdom (UK) (n ¼ 93 aged 55-70) and two regions of France (n ¼ 186), Grenoble (aged 70-90 y) and Clermont-Ferrand (aged 55-70 y). Methods: A signal detection theory approach was adopted, employing a three-alternative, forced-choice procedure. The data were converted to R-indices and bivariate correlations were computed to explore relationships between serum zinc, erythrocyte zinc and taste acuity. ANOVA was undertaken to determine regional differences in zinc status. Results: Higher erythrocyte zinc status was associated with better acuity for salt (sodium chloride) taste in the sample as a whole (P ¼ 0.012) (n ¼ 385). Higher serum zinc levels were associated with greater sensitivity to sour taste (citric acid) (P ¼ 0.015) only in the older groups (aged 70-90 y). There were no apparent associations between serum or erythrocyte zinc status and acuity for bitter (quinine) or sweet (sucrose) tastes irrespective of age. Conclusion: These results agree with those previously suggesting that age-related detriment in sensitivity for salt taste may be associated with depleted zinc.

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“…15 There also is increasing evidence that zinc deficiency may be closely related to anorexia in humans. 16 Our hypothesis herein is that lack of appetite for saltcontaining foods, often observed in children in the first four years of life, may result from zinc deficiency in many cases, which explains the loss of interest in a flavor/taste that is not perceived. This hypothesis is based on an experimental study that shows an increase in the taste threshold for saline solution in rats previously submitted to zinc deficiency.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suplementação com zinco pode recuperar apetite para refeições de sal

Campos¹,

Neto²,

Filho³

et al. 2004

J. Pediatr. (Rio J.)

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Objective: To evaluate the effect of zinc on the appetite for salt foods in children aged 8 months to 5 years.Method: Double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Two groups of 20 children refusing to eat salt foods were followed during six months. The children in the first group received zinc chelate 1 mg/kg daily for three months. The second group received a placebo solution. The two groups were similar in terms of age, sex, weight, duration of breastfeeding, age at weaning, biochemical and hematological data. The response of children to treatment was informed by their mothers.Results: 17/20 (85%) of the children receiving zinc chelate and 10/20 (50%) of the children receiving placebo improved their appetite for salt foods. The difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05, chi-square test).Conclusion : Zinc supplementation may improve the acceptance of salt foods by children.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2004;80(1):55-9: Zinc and appetite, appetite for salt foods, zinc chelate, anorexia in children.

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Neurobiology of Zinc-Influenced Eating Behavior

Cited by 117 publications

References 70 publications

Zinc's Role in Rat Preference for a Low-Fat Diet in a Two-Choice Diet Program of Low- and High-Fat Diets

Zinc's Role in Rat Preference for a Low-Fat Diet in a Two-Choice Diet Program of Low- and High-Fat Diets

Zinc status and taste acuity in older Europeans: the ZENITH study

Suplementação com zinco pode recuperar apetite para refeições de sal

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