Neurochemical alterations in lemon shark (Negaprion brevirostris) brains in association with brevetoxin exposure

Nam, Doo Hyun; Adams, Douglas H.; Flewelling, Leanne J.; Basu, Niladri

doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2010.05.014

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…Cellular homogenates, enzyme supernatants, and membranes were prepared according to modifications of a procedure described by Rutkiewicz et al [8] and Nam et al [23]. Briefly, subsamples of brain (cerebrum) were homogenized in ice-cold Tris-buffer (50 mM NaH 2 PO 4 , 5 mM KCl, 120 mM NaCl, pH 7.4), and the supernatant was collected following a 15-min centrifugation at 15,000 g (48C).…”

Section: Neurochemical Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiple metals exposure and neurotoxic risk in bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) from two Great Lakes states

Nam

Rutkiewicz

Basu

2012

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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In the present study, the authors determined concentrations of several elements (As, Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Mn, Pb, Sb, Zn) in the brains and livers of 46 bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) from two Great Lakes states, Michigan and Minnesota. To explore whether exposures are of neurological concern, the authors assessed their associations with neurochemical receptors (N-methyl-D-aspartate [NMDA] and γ-aminobutyric acid A [GABA(A)]) and enzymes (glutamine synthetase [GS] and glutamic acid decarboxylase [GAD]) that play critical roles in vertebrate neurobehavior and reproduction. For most elements, levels in the livers and brains did not differ between region and gender. Hepatic Pb levels averaged 33.1 ppm (dry wt), 30.4% of all carcasses exceeded proposed avian Pb thresholds (>26.4 ppm), and in 30.8% of the birds examined evidence of Pb pellets or fragments was found. Significant changes in the activities of GS and GAD were related to brain concentrations of several metals (Pb, Cd, Co, Cu, Zn). No relationships were found among any of the nine elements and NMDA or GABA(A) receptor levels. When combined with the authors' previous study on these same eagles that showed Hg-associated alterations in GS, GAD, and NMDA receptor levels, the present research suggests that bald eagles are exposed to various elements, especially Pb and Hg, that are capable of causing changes in GABAergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission. The functional significance of these neurochemical changes warrants attention.

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Section: Neurochemical Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Receptor binding assays were performed using cellular membranes according to previously published methods [8,23]. For both receptors, protein (30 mg) was suspended in a 100 ml buffer .…”

Section: Neurochemical Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple metals exposure and neurotoxic risk in bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) from two Great Lakes states

Nam

Rutkiewicz

Basu

2012

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…The gills are regulated and innervated by sympathetic nerves of the autonomic/splanchnic nerve system, which includes monoaminergic/adrenergic neurons (Saltys et al, 2006). Several previous studies have investigated the inhibition of MAO activity as a result of toxicant exposure in the brain and liver of fish (Nam et al, 2010;Basova and Yagodina, 2011). However, there is a lack of published data regarding the influence of toxicant exposure on MAO activity in the gills of fish.…”

Section: Inhibition Of Mao Activity In Aphantoxin-exposed Zebrafish Gmentioning

confidence: 91%

Respiratory toxicity of cyanobacterial aphantoxins from Aphanizomenon flos-aquae DC-1 in the zebrafish gill

et al. 2016

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“…comm.). Note that variability in abundance across the region (Total) is less than variability in abundance in individual embayments, suggesting that portfolio effects may occur across this region shark survival and fitness (Lowe 2002, Bush 2003, Hoffmayer et al 2006, Jennings et al 2008, Nam et al 2010, they presumably are less impacted by their environment than are larval fish. Therefore, the benefits obtained from portfolio effects may be limited in young shark habitats because temporal stability in production could be achieved through their life histories rather than portfolio effects between numerous fluctuating habitats.…”

Section: Potential Drivers Of Portfolio Effects In Sharksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diversity in juvenile shark habitats may drive portfolio effects whereby the effects of unfavourable conditions in one place or habitat type are buffered by production in others. Low-salinity events (Knip et al 2011a), toxic algae blooms (Nam et al 2010), pollution (Gelsleichter et al 2005), coastal development (Jennings et al 2008), resource limitation (Lowe 2002) and localised fisheries (Stevens & West 1997) are examples of events that can create unfavourable conditions for young sharks. Over longer temporal scales, different populations can perform well at different times, and young shark habitats that are minor producers during one environmental (e.g.…”

Section: Potential Drivers Of Portfolio Effects In Sharksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity in young shark habitats provides the potential for portfolio effects

Yates¹,

Heupel²,

Tobin³

et al. 2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The young (neonates, young-of-the-year and juveniles) of many shark species occupy a diverse range of habitats and areas. However, the contribution of individual nurseries or habitats to an adult population is difficult to quantify. In addition, little attention has been paid to the potential importance of 'non-nursery' young shark habitats to the long-term sustainability of shark populations. Portfolio theory predicts that contributions from a diverse range of young shark habitats may reduce variability in the overall production of adults, and maintain population resilience. This review examines case studies of portfolio effects in teleost fish and evaluates the relevance and potential implications of these processes for shark populations. Environmental heterogeneity in young shark habitats can result in locally adapted habitat-use patterns and life history traits. Therefore, young shark habitats may be differentially impacted by anthropogenic disturbance or environmental change, with different habitats performing well at different times. In addition, increased stability in production may be achieved when the effects of localised disturbance in one area are buffered by production in others. However, the behavioural and life history characteristics of some shark species may limit portfolio effects. These include the repeated use of a narrow range of habitats or areas for reproduction, and the production of relatively stable numbers of offspring. This description of the relevance of portfolio theory to shark populations highlights the importance of maintaining habitat diversity. KEY WORDS: Shark · Nursery · Portfolio effect · Population sustainability · Elasmobranch · FisheriesResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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Neurochemical alterations in lemon shark (Negaprion brevirostris) brains in association with brevetoxin exposure

Cited by 25 publications

References 107 publications

Multiple metals exposure and neurotoxic risk in bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) from two Great Lakes states

Multiple metals exposure and neurotoxic risk in bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) from two Great Lakes states

Respiratory toxicity of cyanobacterial aphantoxins from Aphanizomenon flos-aquae DC-1 in the zebrafish gill

Diversity in young shark habitats provides the potential for portfolio effects

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