Neurocognitive and Health Correlates of Overweight and Obesity among Ten-Year-Old Children Born Extremely Preterm

Linthavong, Olivia; Allred, Elizabeth N.; Perrin, Eliana M.; Bauserman, Melissa; Joseph, Robert M.; Leviton, Alan; Heeren, Timothy; Kuban, Karl

doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.05.011

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Further studies are warranted to continue investigating these suggested links. The lack of impact of ISO-BMI and SGA in our sample is consistent with previous studies (23,25). Here, height is tentatively proposed as an important factor in relation to neurodevelopmental outcome in mainly able children born PT at school age.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Further, birth immaturity may also involve growth restriction in developing children, with potential impact on cognitive and behavioral functioning. Postnatal growth (i.e., weight, height, and body mass index, BMI) in children born PT has been associated with both short- and long-term neurodevelopmental outcome ( 22 – 25 ). A fast growth gain during infancy has been found related to better cognitive outcomes in later childhood, although it comes with a risk of developing obesity ( 25 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Postnatal growth (i.e., weight, height, and body mass index, BMI) in children born PT has been associated with both short- and long-term neurodevelopmental outcome ( 22 – 25 ). A fast growth gain during infancy has been found related to better cognitive outcomes in later childhood, although it comes with a risk of developing obesity ( 25 ). Children born PT typically lag behind in growth compared with those born FT during development ( 26 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is a catch-up in growth at school age, although not necessarily to the level of FT peers ( 27 ). Growth attainment in children born PT at an early school age has previously been related to behavioral measures such as cognitive functioning and motor performance ( 23 – 25 ), also in relation to obesity ( 25 ), and small for gestational age (SGA) status ( 23 ). Still, the role of growth progress for behavioral functioning in developing children born PT is far from understood, and increased knowledge of growth-behavior associations is warranted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk for Behavioral Problems Independent of Cognitive Functioning in Children Born at Low Gestational Ages

et al. 2020

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This study aimed to investigate cognitive and behavioral outcomes in relation to gestational age (GA) in school-aged children born preterm (PT). Results from the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, 4th edition (WISC-IV), and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) were analyzed in 51 children (mean age: 7.8 years [range: 7.0-8.7]) born PT (mean GA: 31 weeks [range: 23-35]; birth weight, mean: 1,637 g [range: 404-2,962]) with the majority (96%) having no diagnosed cognitive, sensory, or motor impairments. The control group included 57 age-matched typically developing children (mean age: 7.9 years [range: 6.2-8.7]) born full-term (FT). Children born PT, extremely PT (GA < 28) in particular, showed significantly lower cognitive performance and higher behavioral problem scores compared with children born FT. GA was found to predict aspects of both cognitive functioning and behavioral problems within the PT group, with lower GA being related to both poorer cognitive outcomes and elevated affective and attention-deficit/hyperactivity problems. Global cognitive functioning did not independently predict aspects of behavioral outcomes. Findings demonstrate that, even in children born PT without severe perinatal and/or postnatal complications and receiving active perinatal care, a short gestation is an evident risk factor for long-term negative effects on mental health independent of cognitive functioning. Additional findings suggest that both reduced growth and lower parental educational level may contribute to increased risk for poorer cognitive and behavioral functioning in children born PT.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk for Behavioral Problems Independent of Cognitive Functioning in Children Born at Low Gestational Ages

et al. 2020

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“…In a study in which the KC and supine positions were compared, the gastric residual volume was lower in those fed in KC than in those fed in supine position (Valizadeh, Hosseini, Jafarabadi, & Mohebbi, 2015). Gastric residual volumes are frequently measured to guide the advancement of enteral feeding; however; there is no clear evidence to justify their usefulness in either improving feeding intolerance or preventing necrotizing enterocolitis (Linthavong et al, 2018). Although there are no studies on the effect of gastric residual volume on comfort, increased gastric residual volume induced abdominal distension is predicted to adversely affect comfort.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the prone position and kangaroo care on gastric residual volume, vital signs and comfort in preterm infants

Özdel

Sarı

2019

Japan Journal Nursing Sci

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Aim: Prone and kangaroo care positioning of preterm infants during intragastric tube feeding were compared with regard to post prandial gastric residual volume, vital signs and infant comfort. Methods: The study sample included 30 28-36-birth-week old preterm infants who were hospitalized at the neonatal intensive care unit. Infants were fed in two positions: prone and kangaroo care. All the infants were placed in the prone position after feeding. Vital signs and comfort scores were recorded 30 min after feeding, and the gastric residual volume was measured 3 h after feeding. Results: After 3 h of feeding, the heart rate was lower in the kangaroo care position than in the prone position. After 30 min and 3 h of feeding, the mean comfort scores and the mean distress scores were lower in the kangaroo care position than in the prone position. It was also determined that there was no significant difference between the kangaroo care position and prone position regarding their effects on the residual volume measured 3 h after feeding. Conclusions: The infants fed in the kangaroo care position have a lower heart rate, better comfort levels and less distress after feeding. These positive effects ensure that preterm infants experience less stress and consume less energy. What is currently known? It has been determined that kangaroo care reduces the pain response and heart rate of the newborn, increases the duration of sleep, reduces the length of stay in the hospital, facilitates breastfeeding, reduces the risk of hypothermia, decreases the mother's anxiety level by initiating the relationship between the mother and infant, and improves the infant's growth and development. What does this article add? While there were no differences between prone and kangaroo positions during feeding with regard to gastric residual volumes, we found that the heart rate, comfort scores and distress scores were lower in the kangaroo care position than in the prone position.

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Development and validation of a prediction model to predict school‐age asthma in preschool children

Zhao

Patel

et al. 2023

Pediatric Pulmonology

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Objective To develop and validate a clinical prediction model to identify school‐age asthma in preschool asthmatic children. Study Design In this retrospective prognosis cohort study, asthmatic children aged 3–5 years were enrolled with at least 2 years of follow‐up, and their potential variables at baseline and the prognosis of school‐age asthma were collected from medical records. A clinical prediction model was developed using Logistic regression. The performance of prediction model was assessed and quantified by discrimination of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and calibration of Brier score. The model was validated by the temporal‐validation method. Results In the development dataset, 2748 preschool asthmatic children were included for model development, and 883 (32.13%) children were translated to school‐age asthma. The independent prognostic variables with an increased risk for school‐age asthma were used to develop the prediction model, including: age, parental asthma, early frequent wheezing, allergic rhinitis, eczema, allergic conjunctivitis, obesity, and aeroallergen of dust mite. While assessing model performance, the discrimination power of AUC was moderate [0.788 (0.770–0.805)] with sensitivity (81.5%) and specificity (60.9%), and the calibration of Brier score was 0.169, supporting the calibration ability. In the temporal‐validation dataset of 583 preschool asthmatic children, our model showed satisfactory discrimination (AUC 0.818) and calibration (Brier score 0.150). The prediction model was presented by the web‐based calculator (https://casthma.shinyapps.io/dynnomapp/) and a nomogram for clinical application. Conclusion In preschool asthmatic children, our prediction model could be used to predict the risk of school‐age asthma.

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Neurocognitive and Health Correlates of Overweight and Obesity among Ten-Year-Old Children Born Extremely Preterm

Cited by 9 publications

References 46 publications

Risk for Behavioral Problems Independent of Cognitive Functioning in Children Born at Low Gestational Ages

Risk for Behavioral Problems Independent of Cognitive Functioning in Children Born at Low Gestational Ages

Effects of the prone position and kangaroo care on gastric residual volume, vital signs and comfort in preterm infants

Development and validation of a prediction model to predict school‐age asthma in preschool children

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