Neurocognitive Deficits in Adolescents With Schizophrenia: Longitudinal Stability and Predictive Utility for Short-Term Functional Outcome

Cervellione, Kelly; Burdick, Katherine E.; Cottone, John; Rhinewine, Joseph P.; Kumra, Sanjiv

doi:10.1097/chi.0b013e318054678d

Cited by 85 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…However, this current association may be spurious and may reflect a Type I error. In terms of cognitive change, only the change in Speed of processing of EF was significantly associated with change in symptom severity in the EOS patients, which is in line previous studies of both EOS [16] and AOS patients [56]. In conclusion, we consider both the specific cognitive deficits and their development in our EOS sample to be essentially unaffected by the psychopathological symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In terms of attention development in EOS patients, previous studies have observed either an abnormal lack of improvement [64] or deterioration in aspects of attention through late adolescence and early adulthood [24;62]. However, stability in attention deficits has also been reported over a relatively short follow-up period in EOS patients [16]. It is possible that the time frame for the longitudinal study by Cervellione and colleagues (2007) [16] may have been too short to detect possible developmental differences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, stability in attention deficits has also been reported over a relatively short follow-up period in EOS patients [16]. It is possible that the time frame for the longitudinal study by Cervellione and colleagues (2007) [16] may have been too short to detect possible developmental differences. Thus, the observed subnormal developments of attention and set shifting are in line with the EOS studies with longer follow-up intervals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deficient maturation of aspects of attention and executive functions in early onset schizophrenia

Jepsen

Fagerlund

Pagsberg

et al. 2010

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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Word count of the Abstract: 220Word count of the text body: 5819 including the revised Appendix A 3 AbstractThe few existing long-term, neuropsychological follow-up studies of early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) patients have reported relative stability in some cognitive functions but abnormal developmental trajectories in verbal memory, set shifting, aspects of attention, and speed of information processing throughout late adolescence into early adulthood. The current 5-year followup study compared the development of specific cognitive functions in EOS patients (N=17) from the time of first-episode to chronic phase with that of healthy controls (N=38) and secondarily to patients with other early-onset, non-organic, non-affective psychoses (EOP) (N=11). Speed of processing of executive functions, set shifting, and attention improved significantly in the healthy controls and reflected continuous functional maturation during late adolescence and early adulthood. The developmental progression of attention and set shifting but not speed of processing of executive functions was significantly subnormal in EOS patients. Other specific cognitive functions that had attained functional maturity in the healthy controls around the time of the baseline assessment showed normal development in EOS patients during the follow-up period, indicating stable cognitive deficits. These results suggest post-onset developmental deficits in two out of the three aspects of attention and executive functions that have protracted maturational trajectories and that overlap the age of onset of EOS. No significant difference in the development of any specific cognitive function was found between the EOS and EOP group.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Deficient maturation of aspects of attention and executive functions in early onset schizophrenia

Jepsen

Fagerlund

Pagsberg

et al. 2010

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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“…Deficits in attention, working memory, and verbal learning and memory, but not in intelligence, have been found to be associated with short-term functional outcome in EOS [9]. Nevertheless, intelligence is an important aspect of cognitive functioning in EOS and early onset schizophrenia spectrum disorders because intelligence deficits may explain deficits in planning [34] and working memory [49] that are associated with the disorder.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Course of intelligence deficits in early onset, first episode schizophrenia: a controlled, 5-year longitudinal study

Jepsen

Fagerlund

Pagsberg

et al. 2009

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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Only few prospective longitudinal studies have assessed the course of intelligence deficits in early onset schizophrenia (EOS), and these have used different age appropriate versions of Wechsler Intelligence Scales and age appropriate norms. The post-psychotic development of intelligence in EOS has predominantly been characterized as relatively stable in these studies. However, comparisons of IQs from different test versions based on the different norms may not permit unequivocal interpretations. The objective of the current study was to compare the development of intelligence in EOS patients (N = 10) from their first psychotic episode to 5 years of post onset with that of healthy controls (N = 35) and patients who at baseline had been diagnosed with other non-affective psychoses (N = 8). The same version of a Wechsler Intelligence Scale was administered at both baseline and follow-up assessments, and the same norms were used to derive IQs at baseline and followup. Significantly smaller change in mean full scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) was found in diagnostically stable EOS patients compared with healthy controls during the follow-up period. However, no statistically significant difference in mean FSIQ change was observed between patients with EOS and patients with other non-affective psychoses, although this result must be interpreted with caution due to the small sample sizes. The results suggest abnormally slow acquisition of new intellectual information and skills in EOS patients during the first 5 years after full clinical presentation.

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“…As reviewed above, there is ample evidence that a large percentage of individuals with schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders suffer from impairments in a range of cognitive domains (e.g., 114), and growing evidence that the level of cognitive impairment predicts functional abilities (social, occupational, living status) (e.g., 118,[119][120][121].…”

Section: Measuring Cognition In the Dsm-5mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive impairments in psychotic disorders: common mechanisms and measurement

2014

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Decades of research have provided robust evidence of cognitive impairments in psychotic disorders. Individuals with schizophrenia appear to be impaired on the majority of neuropsychological tasks, leading some researchers to argue for a "generalized deficit", in which the multitude of cognitive impairments are the result of a common neurobiological source. One such common mechanism may be an inability to actively represent goal information in working memory as a means to guide behavior, with the associated neurobiological impairment being a disturbance in the function of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Here, we provide a discussion of the evidence for such impairment in schizophrenia, and how it manifests in domains typically referred to as cognitive control, working memory and episodic memory. We also briefly discuss cognitive impairment in affective psychoses, reporting that the degree of impairment is worse in schizophrenia than in bipolar disorder and psychotic major depression, but the profile of impairment is similar, possibly reflecting common mechanisms at the neural level. Given the recent release of the DSM-5, we end with a brief discussion on assessing cognition in the context of diagnosis and treatment planning in psychotic disorders.

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Neurocognitive Deficits in Adolescents With Schizophrenia: Longitudinal Stability and Predictive Utility for Short-Term Functional Outcome

Cited by 85 publications

References 37 publications

Deficient maturation of aspects of attention and executive functions in early onset schizophrenia

Deficient maturation of aspects of attention and executive functions in early onset schizophrenia

Course of intelligence deficits in early onset, first episode schizophrenia: a controlled, 5-year longitudinal study

Cognitive impairments in psychotic disorders: common mechanisms and measurement

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