Neurocognitive differences between inpatients and outpatients with symptomatically nonremitted schizophrenia: A cross-sectional study

Kurebayashi, Yusuke; Otaki, Junichi

doi:10.1111/ppc.12257

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…While the first study recruited only outpatients ( N = 60), the second study involved mostly inpatients ( N = 23) and a smaller number of outpatients ( N = 9). In a recent study, outpatients performed better in several neurocognitive tasks, such as processing speed, working memory, and attention, compared to inpatients [112]. Better neurocognitive function among outpatients could explain why they, despite having a history of attempted suicide, were able to produce more specific AMs than inpatients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of autobiographical memory studies on patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders

et al. 2019

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BackgroundPatients suffering from schizophrenia spectrum disorders demonstrate various cognitive deficiencies, the most pertinent one being impairment in autobiographical memory. This paper reviews quantitative research investigating deficits in the content, and characteristics, of autobiographical memories in individuals with schizophrenia. It also examines if the method used to activate autobiographical memories influenced the results and which theoretical accounts were proposed to explain the defective recall of autobiographical memories in patients with schizophrenia.MethodsPsycINFO, Web of Science, and PubMed databases were searched for articles published between January 1998 and December 2018. Fifty-seven studies met the inclusion criteria. All studies implemented the generative retrieval strategy by inducing memories through cue words or pictures, the life-stage method, or open-ended retrieval method. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Statement guidelines were followed for this review.ResultsMost studies reported that patients with schizophrenia retrieve less specific autobiographical memories when compared to a healthy control group, while only three studies indicated that both groups performed similarly on memory specificity. Patients with schizophrenia also exhibited earlier reminiscence bumps than those for healthy controls. The relationship between comorbid depression and autobiographical memory specificity appeared to be independent because patients’ memory specificity improved through intervention, but their level of depression remained unchanged. The U-shaped retrieval pattern for memory specificity was not consistent. Both the connection between the history of attempted suicide and autobiographical memory specificity, and the relationship between psychotic symptoms and autobiographical memory specificity, remain inconclusive. Patients’ memory specificity and coherence improved through cognitive training.ConclusionsThe overgeneral recall of autobiographical memory by patients with schizophrenia could be attributed to working memory, the disturbing concept of self, and the cuing method implemented. The earlier reminiscence bump for patients with schizophrenia may be explained by the premature closure of the identity formation process due to the emergence of psychotic symptoms during early adulthood. Protocol developed for this review was registered in PROSPERO (registration no: CRD42017062643).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of autobiographical memory studies on patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders

et al. 2019

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“…Regarding processing speed, Kurebayashi and Otaki 45 examined neurocognitive differences between inpatients and outpatients with non‐remitted symptoms. They found that processing speed was more delayed in inpatients than in outpatients despite controlling demographic and psychiatric symptoms, suggesting that non‐remitted outpatients were discharged because processing speed delay was relatively mild.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of mild‐intensity physical exercise on neurocognition in inpatients with schizophrenia: A pilot randomized controlled trial

Kurebayashi

Mori

Otaki

2021

Perspect Psychiatric Care

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Purpose To find suggestions for a future definitive randomized control trial and examine the effects of physical exercise on neurocognition in schizophrenia. Design and Methods Patients hospitalized with schizophrenia were randomly assigned to exercise (n = 5) or control (n = 17) groups. The experimental group performed an exercise regimen for 8 weeks. Following intervention, demographics, psychiatric symptoms, and neurocognitive functions were examined. Findings The patients in the control and exercise groups, 14 and 4, respectively, showed significant differences in hospitalization duration and negative symptoms. After controlling both, neurocognition improved in the exercise group compared with the control group. Practice Implications Mild‐intensity physical exercise improves global neurocognition in schizophrenic inpatients and could lead to earlier release.

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“…A total of 133 patients were enrolled in this study. Tis study was conducted as part of a previously published project [10] and used a part of the data as a secondary analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Te study procedure was in accordance with a previously published study [10]. Data were collected in the following sequence: demographics, psychiatric symptoms, and neurocognitive function.…”

Section: Procedurementioning

confidence: 99%

Classification of Neurocognition in Japanese Patients with Schizophrenia: A Cluster Analysis

Kurebayashi,

Otaki

2024

Perspectives in Psychiatric Care

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Objectives. Cognitive functions in almost all domains are lower in patients with schizophrenia than those in healthy controls, with the severity of impairment differing between domains. Treatments are being developed to improve cognitive impairment in patients with schizophrenia. However, the pattern of cognitive impairment must be clarified to facilitate treatment. Therefore, this study aimed to classify the patterns of cognitive impairment in individuals and provide treatment suggestions. Methods. Patients with schizophrenia were recruited from two psychiatric hospitals in Japan. Demographic and psychopathological symptoms were assessed using the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale for Schizophrenia and neurocognitive functions, using the CogHealth battery. The following domains were assessed: processing speed, visual attention, working memory, visual learning, and spatial attention. The scores were standardised and assigned as the same-aged average score. Hierarchical cluster analysis using Ward’s method was performed based on CogHealth scores. Subsequently, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s multiple comparisons were performed to compare the variables in each cluster. Results. In total, 133 participants were classified into four clusters: Cluster 1 (n = 16), with severe cognitive impairment and psychiatric symptoms and the longest stay; Cluster 2 (n = 44), with moderate cognitive impairment and psychiatric symptoms; Cluster 3 (n = 42), with preserved cognitive function, except for spatial perception, and mild psychiatric symptoms; and Cluster 4 (n = 31), with only memory and spatial perception impairment and mild psychiatric symptoms. Implications. The clusters indicate that impairment may occur in all or selective domains. Selective domain impairments may be in spatial perception or in spatial perception and memory. Therefore, it is recommended that treatments for cognitive dysfunction are developed into four subsets considering an individual’s cognitive features.

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Neurocognitive differences between inpatients and outpatients with symptomatically nonremitted schizophrenia: A cross-sectional study

Abstract: To facilitate discharge for nonremitted inpatients, nursing could focus on processing speed, e.g., arranging the environment such that patients do not need quick responses.

Cited by 5 publications

References 25 publications

A review of autobiographical memory studies on patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders

A review of autobiographical memory studies on patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders

Effects of mild‐intensity physical exercise on neurocognition in inpatients with schizophrenia: A pilot randomized controlled trial

Classification of Neurocognition in Japanese Patients with Schizophrenia: A Cluster Analysis

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