Neurocognitive endophenotypes (Endophenocognitypes) from studies of relatives of bipolar disorder subjects: A systematic review

Balanzá‐Martínez, Vicent; Rubio, Claudia Grau; Selva-Vera, Gabriel; Martínez-Àran, Anabel; Sánchez-Moreno, José; Salazar-Fraile, José; Vieta, Eduard; Tabarés‐Seisdedos, Rafael

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2008.05.019

Cited by 190 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…4 Another meta-analysis could not find any neurocognitive deficit among firstdegree relatives of bipolar I disorder. 20 In present study, specific neurocognitive deficits as measured by TMT A and B were not found in the relatives of the bipolar disorder patients and in controls. Similarly, neurocognitive deficits measured by FAB are not significantly present relatives of the bipolar disorder patients and in controls.…”

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confidence: 56%

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Comparison of neurocognitive deficit among euthymic bipolar I disorder patients, their first-degree relatives and healthy controls

et al. 2017

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Background: Bipolar patients often suffer from debilitating cognitive impairment in different stages of the disease (manic, depressive or euthymic states). We assessed and compared the frequency of neurocognitive deficit among individual with bipolar I disorder but currently in euthymic state, their first-degree blood relatives and healthy controls. In addition, we also probed further into the type of neurocognitive deficit that can be seen among them and observed the influence of sociodemographic characteristics with the occurrence of neurocognitive deficit in individual with bipolar I disorder patient.Methods: Patients (N=30) who fulfilled the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fourth edition (DSM-IV TR) criteria for bipolar I disorder but currently in remission were assessed for any neurological deficits using the standard instruments. In this study, 30 first-degree blood relatives of bipolar I disorder patients and selected 30 hospital staff as healthy controls were also assessed for neurological deficits.Results: We did not find any significant frontal dysfunction among first-degree blood relatives of bipolar I disorder patient when compared with euthymic bipolar I disorder patients. Factor that significantly affected neurocognitive performance in the bipolar patients who were in euthymic state included age, total duration of illness and number of manic episode.Conclusions: As neurocognitive impairment is associated with number of manic episode and total duration of illness; the objective of treatment should be to prolong remission and impart psychoeducation regarding nature of illness. On the contrary, anticipating definite cognitive impairment in first-degree blood relatives of bipolar I disorder patient when compared to healthy control warrants periodic neurocognitive testing and psychoeducation about deficit and medical intervention, if required.

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contrasting

confidence: 56%

“…Cognitive deficiency among relatives may not be different from that of controls. 20 However, future studies with larger samples, and comprehensive neuropsychological assessments are warranted.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of neurocognitive deficit among euthymic bipolar I disorder patients, their first-degree relatives and healthy controls

et al. 2017

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“…Working memory Bipolar disorder 41 , schizophrenia 33 , ADHD 42 0.49 43 COWA 44 The subject was given 60 s to think of words beginning with a certain letter. The phenotype was total number of correct words across three letters.…”

Section: Association Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Common genetic variation and performance on standardized cognitive tests

et al. 2010

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One surprising feature of the recently completed waves of genome-wide association studies is the limited impact of common genetic variation in individually detectable polymorphisms on many human traits. This has been particularly pronounced for studies on psychiatric conditions, which have failed to produce clear, replicable associations for common variants. One popular explanation for these negative findings is that many of these traits may be genetically heterogeneous, leading to the idea that relevant endophenotypes may be more genetically tractable. Aspects of cognition may be the most important endophenotypes for psychiatric conditions such as schizophrenia, leading many researchers to pursue large-scale studies on the genetic contributors of cognitive performance in the normal population as a surrogate for aspects of liability to disease. Here, we perform a genomewide association study with two tests of executive function, Digit Symbol and Stroop Color-Word, in 1086 healthy volunteers and with an expanded cognitive battery in 514 of these volunteers. We show that, consistent with published studies of the psychiatric conditions themselves, no single common variant has a large effect (explaining 44-8% of the population variation) on the performance of healthy individuals on standardized cognitive tests. Given that these are important endophenotypes, our work is consistent with the idea that identifying rare genetic causes of psychiatric conditions may be more important for future research than identifying genetically homogenous endophenotypes.

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“…In fact, there is evidence that an above-average intelligence quotient during adolescence is a risk for the later occurrence of a bipolar disorder (MacCabe et al, 2010). Deficits in verbal learning and verbal memory meet the criteria of endophenotypes best (Balanza-Martinez et al, 2008;Hasler et al, 2006), followed by attention deficits and disturbance executive functions like response inhibition (Bora et al, 2009). …”

Section: Neuropsychologymentioning

confidence: 99%