Neurocognitive impairments and quality of life in unemployed patients with remitted major depressive disorder

Social cognitive abilities predict psychosocial dysfunction in major depressive disorder

“…In a similar vein, misinterpretation of prosodic information could be viewed by patients as lapses in cold cognitive abilities (e.g., attention and memory), which may explain the relationship between prosody and perceived cognitive dysfunction. While residual cognitive deficits have been linked with psychosocial deficits in remitted MDD (Shimizu et al., ), this study is the first to identify a contribution of social cognition to functioning at the remitted stage. This finding may be of specific interest, as acute social cognitive deficits may be greater in currently depressed individuals (Air et al., ); however, current results suggest that the effect of these deficits on functioning may be greater in those with remitted MDD.…”

The Relationship Between Neurocognitive and Psychosocial Functioning in Major Depressive Disorder

“…Although most studies excluded participants with neurologic or neurodegenerative illness (eg, dementia), history of moderate to severe traumatic brain injury, severe learning disabilities, psychotic disorders, and other conditions that could affect neurocognitive functioning, they varied considerably in whether they included, excluded, or controlled for other psychiatric and general medical conditions and other clinical factors that could affect both neurocognition and psychosocial functioning, such as psychotic symptoms and medications. Patient samples also varied considerably in depression severity, ranging from outpatients in remission 28 to hospitalized patients awaiting electroconvulsive therapy, 29 although most samples consisted of outpatients with MDD who were at least moderately depressed. Two studies examined treatment-resistant samples.…”

“…29,30 Five studies included a comparison sample of matched healthy subjects or a normative population sample. 25,26,28,31,32 Studies used a variety of neuropsychological tests and test batteries to assess cognitive functioning (Table 1). To facilitate comparisons across studies, we focused on Clinician rated Assesses social, occupational, and interpersonal functioning with a single global score from 0 to 100 Social Skills Performance Assessment (SSPA) 40 and Advanced Finances Task (AFT) 41 Performance based (laboratory tasks)…”

“…The majority of assessments were self-report questionnaires and interviewbased rating scales; 2 studies 25,47 also examined employment status. Three studies 25,28,32 used versions of the Medical Outcomes Study Health Survey Short-Form, 36 item (SF-36) 34 and 12-item (SF-12) 43 versions, which are considered measures of health-related quality of life rather than specific measures of social or occupational function. Two studies 25,29 used assessments of Activities of Daily Living (ADL) (the Katz Index of Activities of Daily Living 35 and the Personal Self-Maintenance Scale [PSMS] 36 ) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL), 36 which are measures designed for patient populations and conditions other than MDD.…”

“…Studies used various methodological and statistical approaches to explore the relationship between neurocognitive and functional assessments (summarized in Table 3). Two studies 26,45 examined only correlational relationships, and 5 studies [28][29][30]32,47 used multivariate regression analyses. Two prospective studies 31,49 did not assess this relationship directly, but instead conducted separate analyses to examine how each independently changed over time.…”