Neurocognitive Treatments for Eating Disorders and Obesity

Eichen, Dawn M.; Matheson, Brittany E.; Appleton-Knapp, Sara L.; Boutelle, Kerri N.

doi:10.1007/s11920-017-0813-7

Cited by 52 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 91 publications

(117 reference statements)

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“…Despite the broad pattern of deficits noted in this review there is comparatively limited research in EDs focused on cognitive training and examining the effectiveness of such treatments. While emerging theory and empirical evidence suggests various neurocognitive processes may be modifiable through interventions (e.g., Boutelle, Monreal, Strong, & Amir, 2016; Eichen, Matheson, Appleton-Knapp, & Boutelle, 2017; Jones et al, 2016; Koffarnus, Jarmolowicz, Mueller, & Bickel, 2013; Tchanturia et al, 2014), much of this research in EDs is preliminary and has been limited to small samples. For example, initial findings suggest that attention bias modification (ABM) may lead to improvements in binge eating and other ED symptoms (Boutelle et al, 2016), and a recent meta-analysis demonstrated that single-session inhibitory control training (ICT) led to significant decreases in food and alcohol choices or consumption in a laboratory study (Jones et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of reviews of neurocognitive functioning in eating disorders: The state‐of‐the‐literature and future directions

Smith

Mason

Johnson

et al. 2018

Intl J Eating Disorders

123

111

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While these reviews have generally suggested varying patterns of neurocognitive deficits across EDs, there remain critical limitations regarding the methodological quality of these studies (e.g., the lack of prospective designs, consideration of confounding influences, or examination of interrelationships between neurocognitive domains and relationships between neurocognition and other relevant behavioral constructs). Specifically, we outline 10 key areas that are imperative to address in future research in this area in order to move our field forward.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of reviews of neurocognitive functioning in eating disorders: The state‐of‐the‐literature and future directions

Smith

Mason

Johnson

et al. 2018

Intl J Eating Disorders

123

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Several studies have investigated the role of reward and of attention control in relation to food in people with obesity and/or binge eating disorder (BED), an eating disorder leading to (and often comorbid with) obesity. These studies show enhanced reward sensitivity when participants are presented with food cues (both neurally and self-reported), and lower self-regulatory processing (8,9). Relatedly, some studies have reported the presence of attention biases to food and other salient cues in obesity and BED (10,11) presumably due to low attention control for highly rewarding stimuli (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Study protocol of a randomised controlled feasibility study of food related computerised attention training versus mindfulness-training and waiting list control for adults with overweight or obesity

Mercado

Werthmann

Campbell

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background: Obesity is a highly prevalent condition with multiple adverse health consequences. Widely available first-line treatments for obesity, such as dietary and other lifestyle interventions, typically have only short-term effects. Thus, new treatment approaches are needed. Novel interventions such as Attention Bias Modification Training (ABMT) and Mindfulness Based Interventions focus on modifying different maladaptive cognitive patterns typically present in people with obesity (e.g. attention bias to food cues), however, their mechanisms of action remain largely unknown. We describe the theoretical basis and the rationale for a study protocol of a feasibility randomised controlled trial (RCT) comparing two attention trainings (ABMT vs Mindfulness Training [MT]) in people with overweight or obesity. The aim of this study is to inform the development of a large scale RCT in relation to acceptability and attendance rates and to identify preliminary evidence for the interventions’ clinical efficacy and potential underlying mechanisms. Design: Forty-five adults who are either overweight or obese (minimum body mass index of 25 kg/m2) will be randomly allocated to receive eight sessions over eight weeks of either computerised ABMT or MT or be on a waiting list. Clinical and cognitive outcomes will be assessed at baseline, post-treatment (8 weeks) and follow-up (12 weeks post-randomisation). These include mood, body composition and attention biases. Credibility and acceptability of the trainings will be assessed using questionnaires, and recruitment and retention rates will be recorded. Discussion: Findings will inform the feasibility of developing a large scale RCT that takes into consideration effect sizes for primary outcome measures and the acceptability of the design. The study will also provide preliminary evidence on the clinical efficacy of two different attention trainings for people with obesity and their underlying mechanisms. Trial registration: ISRCTN15745838. Date of registration: 22nd May 2018 Keywords: Obesity, Attention Trainings, Mindfulness, Attention Bias, Trial

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“…Several studies have investigated the role of reward and of attention control in relation to food in people with obesity and/or binge eating disorder (BED), an eating disorder leading to (and often co-morbid with) obesity. These studies show enhanced reward sensitivity when participants are presented with food cues (both neurally and self-reported) and lower self-regulatory processing [8,9]. Relatedly, some studies have reported the presence of attention biases to food and other salient cues in obesity and BED [10,11] presumably due to low attention control for highly rewarding stimuli (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Study protocol of a randomised controlled feasibility study of food-related computerised attention training versus mindfulness training and waiting-list control for adults with overweight or obesity

Mercado

Werthmann

Campbell

et al. 2020

Trials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Obesity is a highly prevalent condition with multiple adverse health consequences. Widely available first-line treatments for obesity, such as dietary and other lifestyle interventions, typically have only short-term effects. Thus, new treatment approaches are needed. Novel interventions such as Attention Bias Modification Training (ABMT) and mindfulness-based interventions focus on modifying different maladaptive cognitive patterns typically present in people with obesity (e.g. attention bias to food cues); however, their mechanisms of action remain largely unknown. We describe the theoretical basis and the rationale for a study protocol of a feasibility randomised controlled trial (RCT) comparing two attention trainings (ABMT vs Mindfulness Training [MT]) in people with overweight or obesity. The aim of this study is to inform the development of a large-scale RCT in relation to acceptability and attendance rates and to identify preliminary evidence for the interventions' clinical efficacy and potential underlying mechanisms. Design: Forty-five adults who are either overweight or obese (minimum body mass index of 25 kg/m 2) will be randomly allocated to receive eight sessions over eight weeks of either computerised ABMT or MT or be on a waiting list. Clinical and cognitive outcomes will be assessed at baseline, post-treatment (8 weeks) and follow-up (12 weeks post-randomisation). These include mood, body composition and attention biases. Credibility and acceptability of the trainings will be assessed using questionnaires, and recruitment and retention rates will be recorded. Discussion: Findings will inform the feasibility of developing a large-scale RCT that takes into consideration effect sizes for primary outcome measures and the acceptability of the design. The study will also provide preliminary evidence on the clinical efficacy of two different attention trainings for people with obesity and associated underlying mechanisms.

show abstract

Neurocognitive Treatments for Eating Disorders and Obesity

Cited by 52 publications

References 91 publications

A systematic review of reviews of neurocognitive functioning in eating disorders: The state‐of‐the‐literature and future directions

A systematic review of reviews of neurocognitive functioning in eating disorders: The state‐of‐the‐literature and future directions

Study protocol of a randomised controlled feasibility study of food related computerised attention training versus mindfulness-training and waiting list control for adults with overweight or obesity

Study protocol of a randomised controlled feasibility study of food-related computerised attention training versus mindfulness training and waiting-list control for adults with overweight or obesity

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