Neuroconsumerism and Comprehensive Neuroethics

Scheper, Abigail; Dubljević, Veljko

doi:10.1080/21507740.2019.1665125

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 8 publications

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“…Stem cell clinics were criticized for not providing sufficient information to individuals about the lack of medical evidence for the safety and efficacy of their treatments [ 46 , 49 , 70 ]. Among neurotechnology publications, concerns were raised regarding the disclosure of potential adverse effects [ 57 , 90 , 91 ] and the experimental nature of neurostimulation [ 55 ], as well as for obtaining informed consent for the collection of brain data [ 83 ]. Some questioned whether purveyors of DTC healthcare should be held to medicolegal standards of informed consent [ 92 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethical issues in direct-to-consumer healthcare: A scoping review

Nagappan,

Kalokairinou,

Wexler

2024

PLOS Digit Health

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An increasing number of health products and services are being offered on a direct-to-consumer (DTC) basis. To date, however, scholarship on DTC healthcare products and services has largely proceeded in a domain-specific fashion, with discussions of relevant ethical challenges occurring within specific medical specialties. The present study therefore aimed to provide a scoping review of ethical issues raised in the academic literature across types of DTC healthcare products and services. A systematic search for relevant publications between 2011–2021 was conducted on PubMed and Google Scholar using iteratively developed search terms. The final sample included 86 publications that discussed ethical issues related to DTC healthcare products and services. All publications were coded for ethical issues mentioned, primary DTC product or service discussed, type of study, year of publication, and geographical context. We found that the types of DTC healthcare products and services mentioned in our sample spanned six categories: neurotechnology (34%), testing (20%), in-person services (17%), digital health tools (14%), telemedicine (13%), and physical interventions (2%). Ethical arguments in favor of DTC healthcare included improved access (e.g., financial, geographical; 31%), increased autonomy (29%), and enhanced convenience (16%). Commonly raised ethical concerns included insufficient regulation (72%), questionable efficacy and quality (70%), safety and physical harms (66%), misleading advertising claims (56%), and privacy (34%). Other frequently occurring ethical concerns pertained to financial costs, targeting vulnerable groups, informed consent, and potential burdens on healthcare providers, the healthcare system, and society. Our findings offer insights into the cross-cutting ethical issues associated with DTC healthcare and underscore the need for increased interdisciplinary communication to address the challenges they raise.

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