“Neurocovid”: An Analysis of the Impact of Covid-19 on the Older Adults. Evolving Psychological and Neuropsychological Understanding

Palermo, Sara

doi:10.5772/intechopen.99414

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Pandemic conditions have exacerbated these effects today as social distancing, fiduciary isolation, and quarantine have been imposed. The consequences on the elderly population are of particular interest (Morese et al, 2019b;Palermo, 2020aPalermo, , 2021aAmanzio et al, 2021).…”

Section: Loneliness and Its Impact On Psychological Wellbeing And Soc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Feelings of loneliness and isolation: Social brain and social cognition in the elderly and Alzheimer's disease

Morese

Palermo

2022

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Interpersonal neurobiology presents an integrated view of the development of the human mind, investigating how this occurs from the mutual influence between human relationships and brain structure and function: the focus of this approach is to understand how the brain gives rise to mental processes and how it is directly shaped by interpersonal experiences (Siegel, 1999). Through this approach we can understand what processes are useful in facilitating cognitive-behavioral development, emotional and psychological wellbeing, and resilience certainly during early childhood but probably throughout life. Underlying the mentioned processes is indeed a fundamental mechanism of integration that can be examined at different levels, from interpersonal to neurological (Siegel, 2001). Interpersonal neurobiology proposes an interpretation of mental processes whose main characteristics are (1) being both embodied, in the body, and relational; (2) the smooth flow of metabolites and information; and (3) the flow of information in the percipient and between people (Siegel, 2001). Knowing how to control and knowing how to modify this flow of energy and information, the basis of healthy regulation, are skills that are acquired in families with secure attachment (Bowlby, 1969;Siegel, 2001;Bowlby and King, 2004).The child comes into the world genetically programmed to establish attachment bonds with its caregivers who will become, thus, the child's attachment figures (Bowlby, 1969;Cassidy and Shaver, 1999;Bowlby and King, 2004). The attachment system is considered a motivational system: an innate, adaptive, biologically determined system that drives a child to create certain selective attachments in his or her life. Although the attachment system is programmed at the brain level, the experiences a child has throughout his or her childhood go a long way toward shaping that system (Bowlby, 1969;Cassidy and Shaver, 1999;Bowlby and King, 2004). The succession of relational Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience frontiersin.org Morese and Palermo . /fnagi. .

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Section: Loneliness and Its Impact On Psychological Wellbeing And Soc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Feelings of loneliness and isolation: Social brain and social cognition in the elderly and Alzheimer's disease

Morese

Palermo

2022

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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“…Patients with preexisting neurological conditions had a higher occurrence of hospitalization, in-hospital mortality, enhanced delirium states, and more overall complications upon suffering from COVID-19 [87,88]. In fact, social isolation and loneliness associated with the pandemic-induced quarantine added to the mental toll of elderly patients [89]. Symptoms worsened with quarantine in 67.5% patients suffering from Parkinson's disease in a Spanish cohort study [90].…”

Section: Effect Of Age and Comorbidities On The Neurological Sequalaementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comorbid conditions including de-myelinating disease, acute encephalopathy, and cerebrovascular disease (CVD) were all positively correlated with the severity of the COVID-19 disease [93]. Patients suffering from Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and other neurodegenerative disorders are at higher risk from infection and can suffer from greater respiratory, olfactory, and cognitive impairments than others [89,94]. Elderly individuals also suffer from compromised immunity and increased signs of inflammation (increased cytokines, hormonal changes, decrease in growth factors production) leading to physical and mental frailty [92].…”

Section: Effect Of Age and Comorbidities On The Neurological Sequalaementioning

confidence: 99%

Neurotropic SARS-CoV-2: Causalities and Realities

Pardasani¹,

Abraham²

2023

COVID-19 Pandemic, Mental Health and Neuroscience - New Scenarios for Understanding and Treatment

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Evidences for the dysfunctions of central nervous system (CNS) caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection have accumulated since the beginning of pandemic. The clinical and experimental evidences on viral entry routes to CNS lead to several open questions. While the neurological impairments caused by the virus stay as a reality under Long COVID, dissecting the causality underlying these problems continues to be an intensely studied topic. Extensive reports of olfactory dysfunctions including anosmia, hyposmia, and parosmia due to infections during 2020–2021, led to the hypothesis of virus’ CNS invasion through the olfactory nerve. Some of the investigations using animal models of cellular factors mediating the viral entry also suggest potential neurotropism. Conversely, recent studies proved the absence of viral particles in olfactory sensory neurons and olfactory bulb, hence leading to the deliberation on viral entry route. Here, we summarize the findings on the debated neurotropic characteristics of the virus, including clinical observations and the results from animal models. Further, we emphasize on the need of tracking olfactory and cognitive fitness in the post-COVID-19 era.

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“…The neurologic and neuropsychologic manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection have been described in single case reports, retrospective series of sparse cases, prospective studies and reviews. Evidence has demonstrated that COVID-19 is neuroinvasive, neurotropic, and neurovirulent [ 1 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parkinson’s Disease, SARS-CoV-2, and Frailty: Is There a Vicious Cycle Related to Hypovitaminosis D?

et al. 2023

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The literature has long established the association between aging and frailty, with emerging evidence pointing to a relationship between frailty and SARS-CoV-2 contagion. The possible neurological consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection, associated with physical and cognitive frailty, could lead to a worsening of Parkinson’s disease (PD) in infected patients or—more rarely—to an increase in the Parkinsonian symptomatology. A possible link between those clinical pictures could be identified in vitamin D deficiency, while the whole process would appear to be associated with alterations in the microbiota–intestine–brain axis that fall within the α-Synuclein Origin site and Connectome (SOC) model, and allow for the identification of a body-first PD and a brain-first PD. The model of care for this condition must consider intrinsic and extrinsic variables so that care by a multidisciplinary team can be successfully predicted. A multidimensional screening protocol specifically designed to identify people at risk or in the early stages of the disease should begin with the investigation of indices of frailty and microbiota–intestine–brain axis alterations, with a new focus on cases of hypovitaminosis D.

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“Neurocovid”: An Analysis of the Impact of Covid-19 on the Older Adults. Evolving Psychological and Neuropsychological Understanding

Cited by 7 publications

References 65 publications

Feelings of loneliness and isolation: Social brain and social cognition in the elderly and Alzheimer's disease

Feelings of loneliness and isolation: Social brain and social cognition in the elderly and Alzheimer's disease

Neurotropic SARS-CoV-2: Causalities and Realities

Parkinson’s Disease, SARS-CoV-2, and Frailty: Is There a Vicious Cycle Related to Hypovitaminosis D?

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