Neuroendocrine Gastroenteropancreatic Tumors: Where Are We?

Rocha, José Luis; Salgado, Ángel Visoso; Ferreiro, Raquel Sardina; Catalina, Pablo Fernández; Gallardo, Elena

doi:10.1097/sle.0000000000000362

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…This is consistent with a recent study by Ulla Rocha et al (2017). 23 It is obvious that these tumors occur in younger as well as older age group. This age range is consistent with another study published from Moffitt Cancer Center in 2009 by Strosberg et al The median age in these patients at diagnosis was 57 years (range 23-83 years).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinicopathologic analysis of primary gastroenteropancreatic poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma; A ten year retrospective study of 68 cases at Moffit Cancer Center

2019

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Objective: To assess clinicopathological characteristics of primary gastro-entero-pancreatic poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (GEP-PDNECAs) and evaluate overall survival in patients treated with systemic platinum and etoposide therapy. Methods: A detailed retrospective review of clinico-pathologic data (1999-2009) on 68 consecutive adult patients with primary GEP-PDNECAs was carried out, from H Lee Moffit Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida; USA, based on electronic patient records, specialty consultation files, tumor registry, social security index and pathology archives. All available tumor slides were reviewed and subtyped by neuro-endocrine pathologists. Clinicopathologic data and patient survival were analyzed. Results: Of 68 patients 41 were males and 27 females with a mean age of 42 years (range: 25-76 years). Regarding the site of origin, 39 patients were of the colorectal location, 19 from the pancreas, 04 from small intestines, 03 from stomach and 03 were multi-focal from colon, small intestine and pancreas. Sixty three of 68 (93%) patients presented with lymph node/distant metastases. Of 68 tumors 37 (54%) were classified as small cell carcinoma (SCCA), 16 (24%) large cell carcinoma (LCCA), 5 (7%) mixed small and large cell (MSLCCA) and 10 (15%) poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine features (PDCA-NEF). Neuroendocrine differentiation was confirmed by positivity for chromogranin in 38/65 (55%), synaptophysin in 62/67 (92%) and CD56 in 17/21 (81%) cases. One neuroendocrine marker was positive in 22/68 (32%), 2 in 40/68 (59%) and all 3 were positive in 9/68 (13%) cases. Fifty-eight of 68 (85%) patients were treated with platinum and etoposide. Overall patient survival at 1, 3 5 and 10 years was 85%, 40%, 16% and 1.5% respectively. Patient survival was independent of age (r= 0.1022), sex (r= -0.909) and histologic tumor subtype (r=0.1028) (p= 0.128) but was related to distant metastases (r=0.306; p=0.0383). Conclusions: GEP-PDNECA occurred in many part of the GI tract, most commonly in the colorectal region. Positivity of neuroendocrine markers was variable, which helped to confirm neuro-endocrine differentiation and to avoid under-diagnosis of GEP-PDNECA, especially in metastatic setting. Overall prognosis of GEP-PDNECA patients following platinum and etoposide therapy in our series was relatively favorable but remained poor in the presence of distant metastases. Note: Abstract of this manuscript was earlier published in “Role of immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma”. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28(Suppl-15):e21086-e21086. doi: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.e21086” doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.2.1336 How to cite this:Bukhari MH, Coppola D, Nasir A. Clinicopathologic analysis of primary gastroenteropancreatic poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma; A ten year retrospective study of 68 cases at Moffit Cancer Center. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(2):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.2.1336 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinicopathologic analysis of primary gastroenteropancreatic poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma; A ten year retrospective study of 68 cases at Moffit Cancer Center

2019

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“…Neuroendocrine gastroenteropancreatic tumors (GEP‐NETs) are neoplasms that form in either well‐differentiated neuroendocrine cells or from their precursors (stem cells) . Data from the SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program, USA) as well as from other countries suggest that the incidence and prevalence of NETs have increased substantially over the past three decades .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors associated with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors in a cohort of 2.3 million Israeli adolescents

Katz

Levi

Twig

et al. 2018

Intl Journal of Cancer

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We investigated whether obesity and sociodemographic factors at adolescence are associated with incident gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NET).Our cohort included 2.3 million Israeli adolescents examined at ages 16 to 19 years between 1967 and 2010. The baseline database included sex, country of birth, residential socioeconomic status (SES), body-mass index (BMI) and height. Participants were followed through linkage with the National Cancer Registry up to 2012. We identified 221 cases of GEP-NET (66 pancreatic, 52 gastric, 39 rectal, 27 appendiceal, 23 small bowel and 14 colonic). Immigration from the Former Soviet Union (FSU) was associated with the risk of small bowel and rectal NET's, [Hazard Ratio (HR) 4.79, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.37-16.76 and 3.43, 95% CI 1.20-9.83, respectively].Height >75th percentile and BMI ≥ 85th percentile were associated with increased risk of gastric NET (HR 2.25 95% CI 1.14-4.42 and HR 2.38, 95% CI 1.19-4.75, respectively). Female sex was associated with appendiceal NET (HR 2.30, 95% CI 1.06-4.96) while male gender was associated with an increased risk for NET of the small bowel [HR 4.72 (95% CI 1.10-20.41)].In conclusion, our findings suggest different risk factor associations with the various GEP-NETS: immigrants from the FSU were at increased risk for small bowel and rectal NET; increased height and weight were associated with the risk of gastric NET and females were at increased risk for appendiceal NET. Further focus on the FSU population is indicated in addition to studies verifying the association of BMI and height with gastric NET.

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The Clinicopathological Characteristics and Surgical Treatment of Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Neoplasm—A 10-Year Single-Center Experience

Serafin,

Jabłońska,

Senderek

et al. 2024

JCM

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Background: Gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms (GI-NENs) represent a diverse group of tumors, with surgical resection being the gold standard for treatment. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 63 patients (32 women, 31 men) who underwent surgery for GI-NENs at the Department of Digestive Tract Surgery from January 2013 to June 2023. Tumors were classified by stage (localized, regionally advanced, metastatic). Results: Clinical symptoms were reported by 42 (66.7%) patients, with abdominal pain being the most common symptom, affecting 28 (44.4%) patients. The majority of tumors (44, 69.8%) originated in the midgut. The most frequently performed surgery was right hemicolectomy, carried out on 33 (52.4%) patients. Radical tumor resection was performed in 35 (55.6%) patients. Postoperative complications occurred in 12 (19%) patients, with male gender identified as an independent predictive factor for complications (p = 0.04). Non-functioning tumors were more common (33, 52.4%), and most tumors were classified as grade 1 histopathologically (49, 77.8%). Distant metastases were present in 29 (46%) patients. The overall two-year survival rate was 94.9%, with a five-year survival rate also estimated at 94.9%. Conclusions: GI-NENs are often diagnosed at advanced stages, frequently with distant or lymph node metastases, and predominantly arise in the midgut. Despite low postoperative morbidity and mortality, male gender may be a predictor of postoperative complications. Overall, the prognosis for GI-NENs is favorable, reflected in high overall survival rates.

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Neuroendocrine Gastroenteropancreatic Tumors: Where Are We?

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Clinicopathologic analysis of primary gastroenteropancreatic poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma; A ten year retrospective study of 68 cases at Moffit Cancer Center

Clinicopathologic analysis of primary gastroenteropancreatic poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma; A ten year retrospective study of 68 cases at Moffit Cancer Center

Risk factors associated with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors in a cohort of 2.3 million Israeli adolescents

The Clinicopathological Characteristics and Surgical Treatment of Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Neoplasm—A 10-Year Single-Center Experience

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