Neuroendocrine regulation of the stress response in adult zebrafish, Danio rerio

Pavlidis, M.; Theodoridi, Antonia; Tsalafouta, A.

doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.02.014

Cited by 125 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…The changes observed in the expression of crf gene on exposure to CUS was similar to those reported in previous study in which zebrafish on exposure to unpredictable long term stress increased brain crf 33 . CUS has also shown to induce changes in the gene expression of crf in zebrafish brain 19 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

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2017

IJPSR

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Stress plays a major role in various pathophysiological processes related with neurodegenerative diseases and mental disorders. Zebrafish has emerged as a promising model organism in inducing Chronic Unpredictable Stress (CUS). In the present study, we have attempted to understand the molecular basis of neuronal changes underlying CUS in zebrafish model. An evidence for a connection between CUS and apoptosis in the brain of zebrafish was analyzed. For this purpose, zebrafish were subjected to CUS protocol twice a day for a period of 15 days. The impact of CUS on the brain was evaluated in relation to the expression of the stress marker genes: corticotropin releasing factor (crf) and glucocorticoid receptor (gr). The effects of CUS were also estimated from the expression of p53 mediated apoptotic genes: p53, noxa, bcl2 and casp3. CUS protocol increased the gene expression of crf (p<0.05) and decreased the expression of gr (p<0.05). The impact of CUS on the apoptotic pathway showed increased expression of p53 (p< 0.05) and noxa (p<0.05) with a decrease in expression of mitochondrial bcl2 (p<0.05). As a hallmark of apoptosis, CUS increased the expression of casp3 (p<0.05). In principle, CUS has the potency to exert their detrimental effects on the neuronal cells of the brain and has confirmed p53 induced apoptosis in the brain of zebrafish.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

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2017

IJPSR

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“…Physical exercise is shown to increase BDNF synthesis in the human brain (Denham et al, 2014; Szuhany et al, 2015) and chronic stress increases brain BDNF transcripts in zebrafish (Pavlidis et al, 2015). BDNF-restricted knockout mice exhibited elevated conspecific aggression and social dominance in parallel with increased anxiety and deficits in cognition (Ito et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Exposure to Fluoxetine Alters Aggressive Behavior of Zebrafish and Expression of Genes Involved in Serotonergic System Regulation

2017

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Zebrafish, Danio rerio, is an emerging model organism in stress and neurobehavioral studies. In nature, the species forms shoals, yet when kept in pairs it exhibits an agonistic and anxiety-like behavior that leads to the establishment of dominant-subordinate relationships. Fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, is used as an anxiolytic tool to alter aggressive behavior in several vertebrates and as an antidepressant drug in humans. Pairs of male zebrafish were held overnight to develop dominant—subordinate behavior, either treated or non-treated for 2 h with fluoxetine (5 mg L−1), and allowed to interact once more for 1 h. Behavior was recorded both prior and after fluoxetine administration. At the end of the experiment, trunk and brain samples were also taken for cortisol determination and mRNA expression studies, respectively. Fluoxetine treatment significantly affected zebrafish behavior and the expression levels of several genes, by decreasing offensive aggression in dominants and by eliminating freezing in the subordinates. There was no statistically significant difference in whole-trunk cortisol concentrations between dominant and subordinate fish, while fluoxetine treatment resulted in higher (P = 0.004) cortisol concentrations in both groups. There were statistically significant differences between dominant and subordinate fish in brain mRNA expression levels of genes involved in stress axis (gr, mr), neural activity (bdnf, c-fos), and the serotonergic system (htr2b, slc6a4b). The significant decrease in the offensive and defensive aggression following fluoxetine treatment was concomitant with a reversed pattern in c-fos expression levels. Overall, an acute administration of a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor alters aggressive behavior in male zebrafish in association with changes in the neuroendocrine mediators of coping styles.

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“…Due to the number of behavior endpoints analyzed in this study, brain derived neurotrophic factor ( bdnf) was also assessed. This is a transcription growth factor involved in a number of neurological processes including regulation of neuron differentiation (Reference Genome Group of the Gene Ontology, 2009), serotonin transporter function (Mossner et al, 2000) and has a possible relation to stress responses (Pavlidis et al, 2015)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral, morphometric, and gene expression effects in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryonically exposed to PFOA, PFOS, and PFNA

2016

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Perfluoroalkylated substances (PFAS) are a class of persistent anthropogenic chemicals that have been detected worldwide. PFASs consist of fluorinated carbon chains of varying length, terminal groups, and have a number of industrial uses. A previous zebrafish study from our laboratory showed that acute (3–120 h post fertilization, 0.02–2.0μM), waterborne embryonic exposure to these chemicals resulted in chemical specific alterations at 5 days post fertilization (dpf), and some effects persisted up to 14 dpf. Using a gene battery consisting of 100 transcripts identified several genes that were up or down regulated. This current study looks at the long-term impacts of PFASs in adult zebrafish using the same exposure regimen. It was hypothesized that sub-lethal exposure of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), or perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOA) in embryonic zebrafish (3–120 hpf) would result in permanent morphometric, gene expression, and behavioral changes in adult fish similar to those observed at 5 and 14 dpf. Zebrafish were exposed to PFOS, PFOA, and PFNA (Control 0μM, 2.0μM) for the first five days post fertilization. At six months post fertilization, no PFAS treatment resulted in a significant change in total body length or weight. In terms of behavior, PFNA males showed a reduction in total distance traveled and time of immobility, and an increase in thigmotaxis behavior, aggressive attacks, and preference for the bright section of the tank. PFOS treated males had a reduced aggression behavior, and PFOA females preferred the dark section of the tank. Gene expression of slco2b1, slco1d1, and tgfb1a were analyzed because these transcripts were previously found to be affected by PFAS exposure in 5dpf and 14 dpf zebrafish and resulted in: significant decrease in expression of slco2b1 for both sexes in PFNA and PFOS treated groups, significant decrease of slco1d1 in all treatment groups for females and PFOS and PFOA exposed males, significant increase of tgfb1a in males treated with PFOS and PFNA, and a significant increase of bdnf in all PFAS male groups. This study demonstrates that acute, embryonic exposure (5 days) to individual PFASs result in significant biochemical and behavioral changes in young adult zebrafish 6 months after exposure. These three PFASs have long term and persistent impacts following short term embryonic exposure that persists into adulthood.

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Neuroendocrine regulation of the stress response in adult zebrafish, Danio rerio

Cited by 125 publications

References 76 publications

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Acute Exposure to Fluoxetine Alters Aggressive Behavior of Zebrafish and Expression of Genes Involved in Serotonergic System Regulation

Behavioral, morphometric, and gene expression effects in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryonically exposed to PFOA, PFOS, and PFNA

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