Neuroendocrine Tumor Markers

Lamberts, Steven W. J.; Hofland, Leo J.; Nobels, Frank

doi:10.1006/frne.2001.0218

Cited by 100 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…This may depend on type, secretory activity, degree of neuroendocrine differentiation, and total burden of the tumors (Seregni et al 2001), as well as on the highly variable CgA levels of the control group. Indeed, 26 and 16% healthy subjects had high baseline CgA levels by IRMA and ELISA assays respectively, probably because of the many potential tissue sources of the peptide (Lamberts et al 2001). Furthermore, chronic atrophic gastritis, which causes high-circulating CgA levels (Syversen et al 2004), was not completely ruled out in our control group, even if all healthy subjects were asymptomatic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Chromogranin A as a marker of neuroendocrine neoplasia: an Italian Multicenter Study

Zatelli¹,

Torta²,

Leon³

et al. 2007

Endocr Relat Cancer

137

103

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Elevated circulating chromogranin A (CgA) levels are found in neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), but the diagnostic usefulness of this marker is still debatable. To assess the role of CgA for the diagnosis of gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) NETs and the identification of metastatic patients, an Italian multicenter observational study has been performed. CgA was evaluated in 202 GEP NET patients by IRMA and ELISA. The cutoffs for diagnosis and presence of metastases were identified by receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve. We found good correlation between IRMA and ELISA. The ROC analysis identified a cutoff of 53 ng/ml for IRMA and 16 U/l for ELISA as discriminating between controls and patients with active disease (sensitivity 71.3 and 84%; specificity 71 and 85% respectively). Metastases were present in 123 patients, having significantly higher CgA levels than patients without metastases. ROC analysis identified a cutoff of 146 ng/ml for IRMA and 67.3 U/l for ELISA as discriminating between patients with and without metastases (sensitivity 57 and 63.3%; specificity 55.6 and 71.4% respectively). For pancreatic NETs positive and negative predictive values were 84 and 78% respectively (90% specificity and 68% sensitivity). We found lower CgA levels in patients with extensive metastatic spread than in those with liver metastases only. These data assess the role of CgA evaluation in GEP NETs, and demonstrate that higher CgA levels associate with metastatic disease, confirming that CgA levels can provide a helpful practical biochemical marker for the clinical management of NETs, but with low sensitivity and specificity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Chromogranin A as a marker of neuroendocrine neoplasia: an Italian Multicenter Study

Zatelli¹,

Torta²,

Leon³

et al. 2007

Endocr Relat Cancer

137

103

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“…Thus, 5-HIAA will not be able to be measured in tumors that do not show endocrine function, which will cause the test sensitivity to be low. In addition, in 24-hour urine, 5-HIAA measurement with high specificity (90%) and low sensitivity (73%) is still used in the diagnosis of NETs (11,15). What is important at this point is that measurement is performed in 24-hour urine, owing to the fluctuations in serotonin during the day.…”

Section: Tumor-like Lesionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumor: Five cases with different preoperative diagnoses

Yalav¹,

Ülkü²,

Akçam³

et al. 2012

Turk J Gastroenterol

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“…Peptide hormones are synthesized as precursors, which are cleaved in a sequence-and tissue specific manner to yield the biologically active peptides; however, their fine processing is usually deficient in NET cells (4). Therefore, direct measurement of these peptides, and when necessary of their precursors, establishes the diagnosis and occasionally also provides information regarding the size of the tumor (28).…”

Section: Serum and Immunohistochemical Tumor Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to specific hormones secreted by NE cells, other proteins that exert regulatory activities on the packaging, processing, and secretion of hormones are increasingly recognized as NET markers (4,17). Chromogranins belong to a unique family of secretory chromogranin and secretogranin proteins.…”

Section: Serum and Immunohistochemical Tumor Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some NETs may occasionally show very aggressive behavior and become highly malignant (poorly differentiated NETs), but the great majority tend to be relatively slow growing (well-differentiated NETs) and retain many multipotent differentiation capacities. Such features include the ability to produce and secrete a variety of metabolically active substances (ami nes and peptides) and cause distinct clinical syndromes (4). In addition, NETs possess neuroamine uptake mechanisms and/or specific receptors at the cell membrane, such as somatostatin (SS) receptors, which can be of great value in identifying and localizing these tumors, besides being useful in their therapy (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuroendocrine Tumors — Laboratory Diagnosis

Tzontcheva¹

2010

Journal of Medical Biochemistry

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Kratak sadr`aj: Neuroendokrini tumori (NETs) jesu heterogena grupa neoplazmi poreklom iz endokrinih }elija, koje odlikuju prisustvo sekretornih granula i sposobnost produkcije biogenih amina i polipeptidnih hormona. Ovi tumori poti ~u od endokrinih `lezda kao {to su adrenalna medula, hipofiza i paratiroide, kao i endokrinih insula u okviru tiroide ili pankreasa i raspr{enih endokrinih }elija u respiratornom ili gastrointestinalnom traktu. Klini~ko pona{anje NETs varira u znatnoj meri. Oni mogu biti funkcionalni ili nefunkcionalni, kao i spororastu}i (uspe{no diferentovani NETs), koji ~ine ve}inu, ili veoma agresivni i vrlo zlo}udni tumori (nedovoljno diferentovani NETs). NETs gastrointestinalnog trakta obi~no se dele na dve glavne grupe: 1) karcinoide, i 2) endokrine tumore pankreasa (EPTs). Ve}ina neuroendokrinih tumora proizvodi i sekretuje peptidne hormone i amine. Neke od tih supstanci izazivaju specifi~ne klini~ke sindrome: karcinoidni, Zolinger-Elisonov, hiperglikemijski, glukagonom i VernerMo risonov. Specifi~ni markeri za te sindrome su bazalni i/ili stimulisani nivoi 5-HIAA u urinu, gastrina, insulina, glukagona i vazoaktivnog intestinalnog polipeptida u serumu ili plazmi. Neki karcinoidni tumori kao i otprilike tre}ina endokrinih tumora pankreasa ne daju nikakve klini~ke simptome i nazivaju se »nefunkcionalnim« tumorima. Stoga se uobi ~a -jeni tumorski markeri, poput hromogranina A, pankreasnog polipeptida, neuron-specifi~ne enolaze u serumu i podjedinica glikoproteinskih hormona, koriste za skrining kod pa cijenata bez jasnih klini~kih simptoma vezanih za hormo ne. Me u uobi~ajenim tumorskim markerima kao veoma osetljiv i specifi~an serumski marker za razli~ite tipove neuro endokrinih tumora pokazao se pankreasni polipeptid hro mogranin A, iako njegova funkcija jo{ nije ustanovljena. Razlog tome je {to mo`e biti povi{en i u mnogim slu~ajevima nedovoljno diferentovanih tumora neuroendokrinog porekla koji ne lu~e poznate hormone. Hromogranin A se u ovom trenutku smatra najboljim neuroendokrinim markerom u serumu ili plazmi koji je dostupan za dijagnozu i terapeutsku evaluaciju.

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Neuroendocrine Tumor Markers

Cited by 100 publications

References 99 publications

Chromogranin A as a marker of neuroendocrine neoplasia: an Italian Multicenter Study

Chromogranin A as a marker of neuroendocrine neoplasia: an Italian Multicenter Study

Primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumor: Five cases with different preoperative diagnoses

Neuroendocrine Tumors — Laboratory Diagnosis

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