Neuroendocrine tumor of the extrahepatic bile duct: A case report

Abe, Tsuyoshi; Nirei, Azuma; Suzuki, Norihiro; Todate, Yukitoshi; Azami, Ayaka; Waragai, Masaaki; Sato, Atai; Takano, Yoshinao; Nishino, Noriyuki; Sasaki, Hideo; Teranishi, Yasushi

doi:10.1016/j.ijscr.2017.09.001

Cited by 19 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In addition, they described that the efficacy of cytology for detecting tumors is related to wider intramucosal tumor spread and intraluminal protruding tumor growth . Therefore, the preoperative diagnosis of NET by brush cytology was reported to be almost impossible because NET usually show subepithelial growth . In the current case, we were able to collect more cells in brush cytology due to the mucosal ulcer from tumor invasion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…18 Therefore, the preoperative diagnosis of NET by brush cytology was reported to be almost impossible because NET usually show subepithelial growth. 4,6 In the current case, we were able to collect more cells in brush cytology due to the mucosal ulcer from tumor invasion. The brush cytology was characterized by loosely cohesive plasmacytoid large round tumor cells with abundant cytoplasm as well as scattered thin clusters of vascular tissue with loosely attached rare tumor cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…21 Since Pilz reported the first case of biliary NET in 1961, a review of the literature revealed only 92 previously reported cases. [2][3][4] The reason for the rarity of NET in the biliary tree is explained by the fact that chromaffin and Kulchitsky cells, which are the origin of NET, are rarely present in the biliary tree. 22 In the digestive system, the 2010 WHO classified neuroendocrine neoplasms as G1, G2, or G3 according to the proliferative activity measured by counting mitosis or evaluating the Ki-67 LI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a review by Michalopoulos et al, preoperative diagnosis was reported to be feasible in only four of 78 cases based on elevated serum serotonin levels (two cases) and biopsy during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) (two cases). To the best of our knowledge, no previously reported biliary NET cases have described preoperative brush cytology . Herein, we report on brush cytology of NET in the common hepatic duct (CHD).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To the best of our knowledge, no previously reported biliary NET cases have described preoperative brush cytology. [2][3][4][7][8][9][10][11][12] Herein, we report on brush cytology of NET in the common hepatic duct (CHD). Figure 3C) of the tumor cells were detected in the primary tumor site but all lymph nodes were free from tumor metastasis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preoperative diagnosis of well‐differentiated neuroendocrine tumor in common hepatic duct by brush cytology: A case report

Choi

Lee

Kim

et al. 2019

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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The biological behavior of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) is heterogeneous and differs from that of cholangiocarcinoma, which is the most common malignant tumor of the biliary tree. However, the preoperative diagnosis of NET in the biliary tree is extremely difficult and to our knowledge, diagnosis by brush cytology has not previously been reported. Herein, we first reported a case of biliary NET preoperatively diagnosed by brush cytology in a 33‐year‐old female patient. Imaging study revealed a 2.6‐cm mass in the common hepatic duct. The brush cytology was characterized by loosely cohesive plasmacytoid tumor cells and scattered clusters of thin vascular septa. The tumor cells showed abundant cytoplasm and severe nuclear size variation but mitosis was not observed. Immunohistochemical staining of the cell block (CB) showed strong positivity for both synaptophysin and chromogranin A and a Ki‐67 labeling index of 3.5%. The surgically resected bile duct mass was pathologically confirmed as NET, G2 with lymphovascular and perineural invasion of the tumor cells. The patient showed no evidence of tumor recurrence 10 months after operation without adjuvant chemotherapy. Suspicion of this rare tumor and immunohistochemical staining of the CB are important for the preoperative diagnosis of NET in the biliary tree.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Preoperative diagnosis of well‐differentiated neuroendocrine tumor in common hepatic duct by brush cytology: A case report

Choi

Lee

Kim

et al. 2019

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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Gallbladder and Biliary Tract

Carlson

Boehnke

Paltiel

2021

Pediatric Ultrasound

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Advanced ultrasound diagnosis of extrahepatic bile duct lesions

Okaniwa

2024

J Med Ultrasonics

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Ultrasound (US) has high specificity and sensitivity, and it should be performed first for patients with suspicion of biliary tract cancer. However, the complicated anatomy in addition to the gas images makes it difficult to delineate the entire extrahepatic bile duct (EHBD). The keys to depiction of EHBD are the "J" shape manipulation in the left lateral decubitus position and the use of magnified images with high-frequency transducers. Furthermore, indirect findings such as gallbladder (GB) distension, BD dilatation, and debris echo in the GB and BD are also important for detecting occult lesions, particularly in the ampullary region of Vater. For the differential diagnosis of BD wall thickening, the spreading pattern in the long and short axial directions should be assessed first. Then, the characteristics of the innermost hyperechoic layer (IHL) and outermost hyperechoic layer (OHL) should be evaluated. Asymmetrical wall thickening, absence of IHL, and presence of irregularity or discontinuity in OHL are characteristic patterns of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Because CCA is the most common BD polypoid lesion, it is important to diagnose tumor extension and depth invasion in addition to differential diagnosis. Nodular-type CCA is usually hypoechoic and more likely to invade vertically. In contrast, papillary-type CCA is often hyperechoic and extends laterally. Contrast‑enhanced US may be useful for evaluating these findings. However, if the possibility of CCA cannot be ruled out or a definitive diagnosis is needed, a transpapillary biopsy or endoscopic US-guided tissue acquisition should be considered.

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Neuroendocrine tumor of the extrahepatic bile duct: A case report

Cited by 19 publications

References 9 publications

Preoperative diagnosis of well‐differentiated neuroendocrine tumor in common hepatic duct by brush cytology: A case report

Preoperative diagnosis of well‐differentiated neuroendocrine tumor in common hepatic duct by brush cytology: A case report

Gallbladder and Biliary Tract

Advanced ultrasound diagnosis of extrahepatic bile duct lesions

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