Neuroevolutionary Mechanisms of Cerebral Asymmetry in Man

LeDoux, Joseph E.

doi:10.1159/000121591

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…This gender infl uence on a drawing task is more generally known as a male advantage when considering visual-spatial tasks [15,48] . One of the most famous theories on gender differences in visual versus verbal tasks concerns the hemispheric specialization of the brain [for reviews, see 49,50] . Another explanatory variable that was integrated in our statistical model was the presence of depressive symptomatology (assessed by the CES-D).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cube Drawing Performances in Normal Ageing and Alzheimer’s Disease: Data from the PAQUID Elderly Population-Based Cohort

Gaëstel

Amieva

Letenneur

et al. 2005

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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To assess the influence of age and other sociodemographical variables, depressive symptomatology and the occurrence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) on cube drawing, we examined the performance of 858 normal subjects and 17 incident AD patients in the PAQUID population-based study. Cube drawing was first performed on verbal command and, in case of failure, a model of a cube was given to the subjects to copy. Normal subjects had some difficulties in drawing a cube on verbal command, evidenced by 40% failure in the drawing-to-command condition, while only 17% still failed in the drawing-to-copy condition. Multivariate logistic regressions showed that age, gender, and educational level were associated with cube drawing failure in both conditions, but depressive symptomatology was only associated with persistent failure in the drawing-to-copy condition. Seventy-six point five percent of incident AD subjects failed in the drawing-to-command condition and 64.7% did not benefit from the presentation of the model. Analysis showed that persistent failure in the copy condition was the best level of differentiation between normal and AD subjects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cube Drawing Performances in Normal Ageing and Alzheimer’s Disease: Data from the PAQUID Elderly Population-Based Cohort

Gaëstel

Amieva

Letenneur

et al. 2005

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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“…It is significant that we did not obtain lateral differences in forehead temperature in any of the studies. These lateral differences have been repeatedly found (Fox & Davidson, 1986), although the hypothesis that the hemispheres perform distinct functions does not enjoy complete consensus (LeDoux, 1982). Absence, in the present research, of lateral differences in forehead temperature may be due to the communication between the left and the right supratrocheal veins through the transverse nasal arch before each drains into the supraorbital vein.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeling and facial efference: Implications of the vascular theory of emotion.

Zajonc

Murphy

Inglehart

1989

Psychological Review

374

187

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Is facial muscular movement capable of altering emotional state? Facial feedback theories answer this question in the affirmative but do not specify the intervening process. Cognitive appraisal theories do not address this question at all. The vascular theory of emotional efference (VTEE) holds that facial muscular movement, by its action on the cavernous sinus, may restrict venous flow and thereby influence cooling of the arterial blood supply to the brain. Subjective reactions resulting from facial action (phonetic utterance), resembling but unrelated to emotional efference, were found to differ in hedonic quality and to produce correlated changes in forehead temperature. Direct tests that introduced air into the nasal cavity revealed that cooled air was pleasurable, whereas warm air was aversive. It is conjectured that variations in cerebral temperature might influence the release and blocking of emotion-linked neurotransmitters-a consequence that would explain, in part, why some experiences are felt subjectively as pleasant and others as unpleasant.

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“…On the left, the IPL is part of the posterior language area bordering Wernicke’s area; on the right, it is associated with spatial processing. The IPL is characterized by extensive connections with the limbic system, and LeDoux (1982) suggested that it might play a major role in connecting emotional and language systems. Moreover, the primate/human brain at the subcortical level is characterized by something of a natural right-left disconnection: Structures such as the right and left amygdalae are more closely connected with ipsilateral neocortex than with each other (Demeter, Rosene, & Van Hoesen, 1990; Wilson, Isokawa, Babb, & Crandal, 1990; Wilson et al, 1991).…”

Section: Empirical Evidence For Hemispheric Differences In Prosocial ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The genetics and biology of true love: Prosocial biological affects and the left hemisphere.

Buck¹

2002

Psychological Review

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J. R. Gray (2002) questioned the conceptual basis and empirical support for prosocial biological affects and was skeptical whether the distinction between selfish versus prosocial biological affects can contribute to the discussion regarding hemispheric differences. In reply, hemispheric differences in emotional experience and expression are considered, with the suggestion that the individualist-prosocial distinction may indeed provide a useful addition to traditional higher-level cognitive approaches. Recent empirical evidence relating to prosocial biological affects and emotions is reviewed, and the conceptual basis for prosocial biological affects and emotions is expanded on, with particular reference to answering "selfish gene" conceptualizations. Related genes can exist in different individual organisms, forming the basis for an essential and authentic prosociality: genuine altruism or "true love." Jeremy R. Gray (2002) has reviewed my developmentalinteractionist theory of affect (Buck, 1999) and has raised interesting and important questions and concerns. Gray questioned the conceptual basis and empirical support for the notion of prosocial biological affects, and he was skeptical whether the distinction between individualist or, colloquially, "selfish" affects and prosocial or "cooperative" affects can contribute to the discussion regarding hemispheric differences. The distinction between prosocial and selfish affects is based on Paul D. MacLean's (1990MacLean's ( , 1993 theory, which distinguished emotions concerned with selfpreservation, such as aggression and fear, and emotions concerned with the preservation of the species, such as sex and sociability. MacLean argued that the former involves amygdala circuits, and the latter, septal and thalamo-cingulate circuits. The prosocialselfish distinction is fundamental to my approach, which identifies subjectively experienced affect with specific neurochemical systems. Indeed, prosocial affects demonstrate some of the clearest relationships between emotions and specific neurochemicals. Also, this distinction distinguishes developmental-interactionist theory from many recent emotion theories, which often overlook or implicitly or explicitly deny that sex, bonding, and attachment are emotions. The proposition that selfish affects are particularly associated with the right hemisphere (RH) and prosocial affects with the left hemisphere (LH) is not central to my theory, but it is a hypothesis that if supported would constitute important evidence for its validity and usefulness. My reply first considers Gray's central argument that a prosocial-selfish distinction is not necessary to account for hemispheric differences in affect, and I then address the more general issue of prosocial biological affects.

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Neuroevolutionary Mechanisms of Cerebral Asymmetry in Man

Cited by 19 publications

References 29 publications

Cube Drawing Performances in Normal Ageing and Alzheimer’s Disease: Data from the PAQUID Elderly Population-Based Cohort

Cube Drawing Performances in Normal Ageing and Alzheimer’s Disease: Data from the PAQUID Elderly Population-Based Cohort

Feeling and facial efference: Implications of the vascular theory of emotion.

The genetics and biology of true love: Prosocial biological affects and the left hemisphere.

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