Neurogenesis persists in the subependymal layer of the adult mouse brain

Corotto, Frank S.; Henegar, Jeffery A; Maruniak, J.A.

doi:10.1016/0304-3940(93)90748-a

Cited by 236 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…2e), a measure of precursor cell survival (Corotto et al, 1993). Parallel to the observed changes in cell proliferation, daily access to methamphetamine (LgA and ShA groups) significantly decreased BrdU cell counts compared with controls, and intermittent exposure to methamphetamine (IShA group) increased the number of mature BrdU cells compared with control and extended access groups (Fig.…”

Section: Cell Survival In the Mpfcmentioning

confidence: 62%

Methamphetamine Self-Administration and Voluntary Exercise Have Opposing Effects on Medial Prefrontal Cortex Gliogenesis

Mandyam¹,

Wee²,

Eisch³

et al. 2007

J. Neurosci.

124

138

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Psychostimulant abuse produces deficits in prefrontal cortex (PFC) function, whereas physical activity improves PFC-dependent cognition and memory. The present study explored the vulnerability of medial PFC (mPFC) precursor proliferation and survival to methamphetamine self-administration and voluntary exercise, factors that may have opposing effects on mPFC plasticity to facilitate functional consequences. Intermittent 1 h access to methamphetamine (I-ShA) increased, but daily 1 and 6 h access decreased, proliferation and survival, with dose-dependent effects on mature cell phenotypes. All groups showed increased cell death. Voluntary exercise enhanced proliferation and survival but, in contrast to methamphetamine exposure, did not alter cell death or mature phenotypes. Furthermore, enhanced cell survival by I-ShA and voluntary exercise had profound effects on gliogenesis with differential regulation of oligodendrocytes versus astrocytes. In addition, new cells in the adult mPFC stain for the neuronal marker neuronal nuclear protein, although enhanced cell survival by I-ShA and voluntary exercise did not result in increased neurogenesis. Our findings demonstrate that mPFC gliogenesis is vulnerable to psychostimulant abuse and physical activity with distinct underlying mechanisms. The susceptibility of mPFC gliogenesis to even modest doses of methamphetamine could account for the pronounced pathology linked to psychostimulant abuse.

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Section: Cell Survival In the Mpfcmentioning

confidence: 62%

Methamphetamine Self-Administration and Voluntary Exercise Have Opposing Effects on Medial Prefrontal Cortex Gliogenesis

Mandyam¹,

Wee²,

Eisch³

et al. 2007

J. Neurosci.

124

138

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“…These chains are ensheathed by tubes of flanking astrocytes, which delineate the RMS. Neuroblasts migrate rostrally within the RMS to enter the OB, whereupon they differentiate into local interneurons (6,7,10,14).However, although the SZ͞RMS neurogenic migratory system often is presumed to be a generic feature of all adult mammalian brains (including humans), in fact, its existence has remained documented only in murine rodents. In these rodents, which have relatively large OBs and are predominantly nocturnal, this system is thought to play a role in odor discrimination (15).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The generation, migration, and differentiation of olfactory neurons in the adult primate brain

Kornack

Rakić

2001

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

387

255

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In adult rodents, neural progenitor cells in the subependymal (SZ) zone of the lateral cerebral ventricle generate neuroblasts that migrate in chains via the rostral migratory stream (RMS) into the olfactory bulb (OB), where they differentiate into interneurons. However, the existence of this neurogenic migratory system in other mammals has remained unknown. Here, we report the presence of a homologue of the rodent SZ͞RMS in the adult macaque monkey, a nonhuman Old World primate with a relatively smaller OB. Our results-obtained by using combined immunohistochemical detection of a marker for DNA replication (5-bromodeoxyuridine) and several cell type-specific markers-indicate that dividing cells in the adult monkey SZ generate neuroblasts that undergo restricted chain migration over an extended distance of more than 2 cm to the OB and differentiate into granule interneurons. These findings in a nonhuman primate extend and support the use of the SZ͞RMS as a model system for studying neural regenerative mechanisms in the human brain.T he generation of mammalian brain structures is restricted to developmental periods (1). However, investigations of neurogenesis in the rodent brain revealed two forebrain regions that continue producing new neurons well into adulthood: the hippocampal dentate gyrus (2-4) and the subventricular, or subependymal, zone (SZ) (5-7). Of these two regions, the SZ harbors the largest pool of dividing neuronal progenitor cells in the adult rodent brain (8,9). Progenitor cells in the SZ generate immature neurons that aggregate to form an extensive network of neuroblast chains along the lateral wall of the lateral cerebral ventricle (10, 11). These chains of neuroblasts coalesce anteriorly to form a highly restricted migratory route, designated as the rostral migratory stream (RMS), which extends from the anterior SZ into the olfactory bulb (OB). Unlike the radial glialguided migration used by young neurons during early brain development (12), neuroblasts undergoing ''chain migration'' in the adult SZ͞RMS migrate along one another via neurophilic interactions (11, 13). These chains are ensheathed by tubes of flanking astrocytes, which delineate the RMS. Neuroblasts migrate rostrally within the RMS to enter the OB, whereupon they differentiate into local interneurons (6,7,10,14).However, although the SZ͞RMS neurogenic migratory system often is presumed to be a generic feature of all adult mammalian brains (including humans), in fact, its existence has remained documented only in murine rodents. In these rodents, which have relatively large OBs and are predominantly nocturnal, this system is thought to play a role in odor discrimination (15). Consequently, the question has remained open of whether this olfactory stream is peculiar to macrosmatic rodents or also exists in microsmatic nonrodent species, particularly anthropoid primates (monkeys, apes, and humans). Compared with rodents, anthropoids have relatively small OBs with elongated olfactory peduncles and are largely diurnal (16). Moreover, ...

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“…Two regions, the subventricular zone and the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, are known to produce new neurons throughout life [10][11] . The hippocampus is a structure involved in epileptogenesis and learning [12] , and such functions have raised the possibility that new-born neurons may play crucial roles in epileptogenesis and learning [13] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and behavioral consequences of recurrent seizures in neonatal rats are associated with glucocorticoid levels

et al. 2007

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Objective It is well documented that epilepsy can increase neurogenesis in certain brain regions and cause behavioral alternations in patients and different epileptic animal models. A series of experimental studies have demonstrated that neurogenesis is regulated by various factors including glucocorticoid (CORT), which can reduce neurogenesis. Most of studies in animal have been focused on adulthood stage, while the effect of recurrent seizures to immature brain in neonatal period has not been well established. This study was designed to investigate how the recurrent seizures occurred in the neonatal period affected the immature brain and how CORT regulated neurogenesis in immature animals. Methods Neonatal rats were subjected to 3 pilocarpine-induced seizures from postnatal day 1 to day 7. Then neurogenesis at different postnatal ages (i.e. P8, P12, P22, P50) was observed. Behavioral performance was tested when the rats were mature (P40), and plasma CORT levels following recurrent seizures were simultaneously monitored. Results Rats with neonatal seizures had a significant reduction in the number of Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) labeled cells in the dentate gyrus compared with the control groups when the animals were euthanized on P8 or P12 (P < 0.05); whereas there was no difference between the two groups on P22. Until P50, rats with neonatal seizures had increased number of BrdU-labeled cells compared with the control group (P < 0.05). In Morris water maze task, pilocarpine-treated rats were significantly slower than the control rats at the first and second day, and there were no differences at other days. In probe trial, there was no significant difference in time spent in the goal quadrant between the two groups. Endocrine studies showed a correlation between the number of BrdU positive cells and the CORT level. Sustained increase in circulating CORT levels was observed following neonatal seizures on P8 and P12. Conclusion Neonatal recurrent seizures can biphasely modulate neurogenesis over different time windows with a down-regulation at early time and up-regulation afterwards, cause persistent deficits in cognitive functions of adults, and increase the circulating CORT levels. CORT levels are related with the morphological and behavioral consequences of recurrent seizures.

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Neurogenesis persists in the subependymal layer of the adult mouse brain

Cited by 236 publications

References 21 publications

Methamphetamine Self-Administration and Voluntary Exercise Have Opposing Effects on Medial Prefrontal Cortex Gliogenesis

Methamphetamine Self-Administration and Voluntary Exercise Have Opposing Effects on Medial Prefrontal Cortex Gliogenesis

The generation, migration, and differentiation of olfactory neurons in the adult primate brain

Morphological and behavioral consequences of recurrent seizures in neonatal rats are associated with glucocorticoid levels

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