Neurogenic pulmonary edema combined with febrile seizures in early childhood—A report of two cases

Tasaka, Kachio; Matsubara, Kousaku; Hori, Masayuki; Nigami, Hiroyuki; Iwata, Aya; Isome, Kenichi; Kawasaki, Yu; Nagai, Sadayuki

doi:10.1016/j.idcr.2016.10.008

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…NPE following febrile SE in children is a rare but serious life-threatening complication [11][12][13]. Despite the higher incidence rate of FS in Japanese children than in children in other countries, few Japanese patients with NPE caused by febrile SE have been reported in literature [31][32][33]. NPE was suspected to be the etiology of our patient's acute respiratory failure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Neurogenic pulmonary edema following febrile status epilepticus in a 22-month-old infant with multiple respiratory virus co-detection: a case report

et al. 2020

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Background Neurogenic pulmonary edema is a rare but serious complication of febrile status epilepticus in children. Comprehensive screening for viral pathogens is seldomly performed in the work-up of febrile children. Case presentation A 22-month-old girl presented with her first episode of febrile status epilepticus, after which she developed acute pulmonary edema and respiratory failure. After the termination of seizure activity, the patient was intubated and managed on mechanical ventilation in the emergency room. The resolution of respiratory failure, as well as the neurological recovery, was achieved 9 h after admission, and the patient was discharged 6 days after admission without any complications. Molecular biological diagnostic methods identified the presence of human coronavirus HKU1, influenza C virus, and human parainfluenza virus 2 from the patient’s nasopharyngeal specimens. Conclusions Neurogenic pulmonary edema following febrile status epilepticus was suspected to be the etiology of our patient’s acute pulmonary edema and respiratory failure. Timely seizure termination and rapid airway and respiratory intervention resulted in favorable outcomes of the patient. Molecular biological diagnostic methods identified three respiratory viruses; however, their relevance and association with clinical symptoms remain speculative.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Neurogenic pulmonary edema following febrile status epilepticus in a 22-month-old infant with multiple respiratory virus co-detection: a case report

et al. 2020

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“…Current evidence reveals those children with complex febrile convulsion and febrile status epileptics can die suddenly and unpredictably similar to a sudden unexpected death in adult epilepsy [56,57] which contrast with the findings of previous studies that revealed no association between febrile seizures and sudden death [3,7,57]. Further, children with febrile seizures have high chances of developing atopic diseases [6,58], stress-induced hyperglycemia [59], and rarely can have pulmonary oedema [60].…”

Section: Complicationsmentioning

confidence: 69%

Review on Febrile Seizures in Children

Thadchanamoorthy¹,

Dayasiri²

2020

INDJ

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Background: Febrile seizures are a common, yet benign neurological disorder and characterized by convulsions associated with fever in childhood due to the effect of fever on the immature brain. All treating clinicians must understand the nature and evaluation of this benign condition. Objective: To provide up-to-date knowledge on febrile seizures and their evaluation. Methods: A search was conducted with key terms “febrile seizures” or “febrile convulsion” in various databases and writings. The literature included clinical trials, descriptive and observational studies, meta-analyses, and randomized control trials. Results: Febrile seizures occur between the ages of 6 months to 5 years in all ethnic groups. The exact mechanism has been still unknown although several etiologies have been proposed including genetic and environmental factors. Febrile seizures can be either simple or complex. Febrile seizures generally occur within the first day of fever but rarely happen after 24 hours. Most of the time, febrile convulsions are short-lasting and self-limiting. The diagnosis is mainly based on the clinical description, and investigations have a limited role. Children less than one year of age with suspicion of bacterial infection need lumbar puncture to exclude meningitis. Management mostly depends on control of fever and the treatment of underlying conditions which precipitate fever. Some children can have prolonged convulsions which need anticonvulsants to abort an acute attack. Otherwise, long term prophylactic anticonvulsants have an insignificant role in the prevention of recurrences of febrile seizures. Physical methods also play an insignificant role. As the condition commonly carries a favorable prognosis, unnecessary interventions should be avoided. Since febrile seizures recur in a significant proportion of children, they may bring needless fears and anxieties in parents. However, proper health education for parents by health care personnel might alleviate the anxiety and improve the quality of life of children with febrile seizures. Conclusion: Febrile convulsions are benign and self-limiting. Continuous use of anticonvulsants to prevent the recurrence of febrile seizures is not endorsed. Intermittent prophylaxis at the time of fever is also not routinely recommended. Both physical methods and antipyretics have limited value in the prevention of febrile seizures.

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“…Non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema can occur secondary to near drowning, postintubation,1 trauma or transfusion, neurogenic pulmonary oedema,2 renal failure, drugs or inhaled toxins 3…”

Section: Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%