Neurologic aspects of influenza viruses

Davis, Larry E.; Koster, Fredrick; Cawthon, Andrew G.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-53488-0.00030-4

Cited by 40 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 240 publications

(276 reference statements)

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“…In humans, viruses such as rhinovirus, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus and enterovirus may be associated with viremia [57][58][59][60]. Seasonal influenza can also lead to viremia, particularly early in the infection and before the appearance of clinical symptoms [61]. In addition, viremia associated with more pathogenic strains such as pandemic H1N1 and avian H5N1 is well recognized [62,63].…”

Section: Is Metabolic Decompensation Due To Infection Immune Mediated?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The liver is a metabolic and immunologic organ: A reconsideration of metabolic decompensation due to infection in inborn errors of metabolism (IEM)

Тарасенко

McGuire

2017

Molecular Genetics and Metabolism

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Metabolic decompensation in inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) is characterized by a rapid deterioration in metabolic status leading to life-threatening biochemical perturbations (e.g. hypoglycemia, hyperammonemia, acidosis, organ failure). Infection is the major cause of metabolic decompensation in patients with IEM. We hypothesized that activation of the immune system during infection leads to further perturbations in end-organ metabolism resulting in increased morbidity. To address this, we established model systems of metabolic decompensation due to infection. Using these systems, we have described the pathologic mechanisms of metabolic decompensation as well as changes in hepatic metabolic reserve associated with infection. First and foremost, our studies have demonstrated that the liver experiences a significant local innate immune response during influenza infection that modulates hepatic metabolism. Based on these findings, we are the first to suggest that the role of the liver as a metabolic and immunologic organ is central in the pathophysiology of metabolic decompensation due to infection in IEM. The dual function of the liver as a major metabolic regulator and a lymphoid organ responsible for immunosurveillance places this organ at risk for hepatotoxicity. Mobilization of hepatic reserve and the regenerative capacity of a healthy liver compensates for this calculated risk. However, activation of the hepatic innate immune system may be deleterious in IEM. Based on this assertion, strategies aimed at modulating the innate immune response may be a viable target for intervention in the treatment of hepatic metabolic decompensation.

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Section: Is Metabolic Decompensation Due To Infection Immune Mediated?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The liver is a metabolic and immunologic organ: A reconsideration of metabolic decompensation due to infection in inborn errors of metabolism (IEM)

Тарасенко

McGuire

2017

Molecular Genetics and Metabolism

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“…However, dysfunctions have been known to occur. 3 In mice or hamsters, human influenza virus inoculated by intranasal, intravenous, or direct muscle injection route produced a nonpermissive viral infection in cerebral endothelial cells causing cerebral edema. 3,4 The viral nucleic acid and viral antigens can be found for one to three days, but infected cells ineffectively produce infectious virions and tissue inflammation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influenza Virus-Associated Fatal Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy: Role of Nonpermissive Viral Infection?

Mungaomklang

Chomcheoy

Wacharapluesadee

et al. 2016

Clin Med Insights Case Rep

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In 2014, two unusual peaks of H1N1 influenza outbreak occurred in Nakhon Ratchasima Province, in Thailand. Among 2,406 cases, one of the 22 deaths in the province included a 6-year-old boy, who initially presented with acute necrotizing encephalopathy. On the other hand, his sibling was mildly affected by the same influenza virus strain, confirmed by whole-genome sequencing, with one silent mutation. Absence of acute necrotizing encephalopathy and other neurological illnesses in the family and the whole province, with near identical whole viral genomic sequences from the two siblings, and an absence of concomitant severe lung infection (cytokine storm) at onset suggest nonpermissive infection as an alternative pathogenetic mechanism of influenza virus.

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“…Influenza virus infection is associated with a wide range of neurological complications including Reye syndrome, generalized encephalopathy, seizure, aseptic meningitis, and postinfectious acute disseminated encephalomyelitis [ 8 , 9 ]. Acute necrotizing encephalitis is another distinct neurological complication of influenza infection with reported mortality rates of 30%–40% [ 1 , 2 , 10 ], second only to historical descriptions of encephalitis lethargica (60%) among neurologic complications of influenza [ 10 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful Treatment of Influenza-Associated Acute Necrotizing Encephalitis in an Adult Using High-Dose Oseltamivir and Methylprednisolone: Case Report and Literature Review

Alsolami

Shiley²

2017

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

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A case of influenza-associated acute necrotizing encephalitis (ANE) is described in an otherwise healthy adult. The patient was treated successfully with a combination of high-dose methylprednisolone and high-dose oseltamivir. The patient relapsed after discontinuing 150 mg twice daily oseltamivir but quickly improved and eventually recovered after reinitiation of high-dose oseltamivir for an additional 2 weeks. The clinical presentation, pathogenesis, and treatment of influenza-associated ANE is reviewed. The use of high-dose oseltamivir in combination with methylprednisolone may offer additional therapeutic benefit for this rare and poorly understood complication of influenza infection.

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Neurologic aspects of influenza viruses

Cited by 40 publications

References 240 publications

The liver is a metabolic and immunologic organ: A reconsideration of metabolic decompensation due to infection in inborn errors of metabolism (IEM)

The liver is a metabolic and immunologic organ: A reconsideration of metabolic decompensation due to infection in inborn errors of metabolism (IEM)

Influenza Virus-Associated Fatal Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy: Role of Nonpermissive Viral Infection?

Successful Treatment of Influenza-Associated Acute Necrotizing Encephalitis in an Adult Using High-Dose Oseltamivir and Methylprednisolone: Case Report and Literature Review

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