Neurologic Complications of Influenza

Ekstrand, Jeffrey J.

doi:10.1016/j.spen.2012.02.004

Cited by 121 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Acute encephalitis/encephalopathy is a condition characterized by altered mental status, somnolence, behavioral changes, and coma in some situations 23 . CSF may show elevated protein levels or mild pleocytosis, but in majority of case the study is normal.…”

Section: Influenzamentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral encephalitis

Silva

2013

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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While systemic viral infections are exceptionally common, symptomatic viral infections of the brain parenchyma itself are very rare, but a serious neurologic condition. It is estimated that viral encephalitis occurs at a rate of 1.4 cases per 100.000 inhabitants. Geography is a major determinant of encephalitis caused by vector-borne pathogens. A diagnosis of viral encephalitis could be a challenge to the clinician, since almost 70% of viral encephalitis cases are left without an etiologic agent identified. In this review, the most common viral encephalitis will be discussed, with focus on ecology, diagnosis, and clinical management.

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Section: Influenzamentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral encephalitis

Silva

2013

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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“…Encephalitis due to H1N1 influenza has been described with the first report dating back to the 1918 influenza pandemia 2,3,4,5,6 . The most common clinical findings of encephalitis are high fever, seizures, intracranial hypertension, altered consciousness, and coma 7,8 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Neurological complications after H1N1 influenza vaccination: magnetic resonance imaging findings

Lessa

Castillo²,

Azevedo

et al. 2014

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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Objective: To report 4 different neurological complications of H1N1 virus vaccination. Method: Four patients (9, 16, 37 and 69 years of age) had neurological symptoms (intracranial hypertension, ataxia, left peripheral facial palsy of abrupt onset, altered mental status, myelitis) starting 4-15 days after H1N1 vaccination. MRI was obtained during the acute period. Results: One patient with high T2 signal in the cerebellum interpreted as acute cerebellitis; another, with left facial palsy, showed contrast enhancement within both internal auditory canals was present, however it was more important in the right side; one patient showed gyriform hyperintensities on FLAIR with sulcal effacement in the right fronto-parietal region; and the last one showed findings compatible with thoracic myelitis. Conclusion: H1N1 vaccination can result in important neurological complications probably secondary to post-vaccination inflammation. MRI detected abnormalities in all patients.Keywords: central nervous system, influenza A virus, H1N1, magnetic resonance imaging, encephalitis after vaccination. RESUMOObjetivo: Relatar quatro diferentes complicações neurológicas da vacina contra o vírus H1N1. Método: Quatro pacientes (9, 16, 37 e 69 anos) tinham sintomas neurológicos (hipertensão intracraniana, ataxia, paralisia facial esquerda de inicio abrupto, estado mental alterado e mielite) iniciando-se 4 a 15 dias após vacinação contra H1N1. RM foi realizada em quatro pacientes na fase aguda e em um paciente na fase crônica. Resultados: Dos quatro pacientes, um apresentou hipersinal em T2 no cerebelo, interpretado como cerebelite aguda; um, com paralisia facial esquerda, tinha realce dos condutos auditivos internos, maior à direita; um tinha hipersinal em T2 no cortex parietooccipital direito; um apresentou sinais compatíveis com mielite torácica. Conclusão: A vacinação contra o H1N1 pode resultar em importantes complicações neurológicas, provavelmente secundárias a inflamação pós-vacinal. A RM detectou anormalidades em todos os pacientes.Palavras-chave: sistema nervoso central, virus influenza H1N1, imagem de ressonância magnética, encefalite pós-vacinal.

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“…Öncesinde sağlıklı olan çocuklarda sıklıkla gözlenen yakınmalar ateş, öksürük ve burun akıntısı gibi özgül olmayan bulgulardır. Bununla birlikte, merkezi sinir sistemi tutulumu, miyozit, miyokardit, hematolojik tutulum, döküntü ve gastrointestinal sistem yakınmaları gibi solunum dışı bulgular da görülebilir (5,6) . İnfluenza ile ilişkilendirilmiş başlıca nörolojik bulgular; nöbet, ensefalopati, ensefalit, aseptik menenjit ve GuillainBarre Sendromu olarak belirtilmiştir.…”

Section: Gereç Ve Yöntemunclassified

Evaluation of patients with PCR positive Influenza virus on nasopharyngeal specimens for complications and hospitalization

Sütçü¹,

Acar²,

Aktürk³

et al. 2017

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[ortanca 11.7 gr/dL (7.4-13 gr/dL)] ayaktan izlenen hastalara göre [ortanca 12.4 gr/dL, (9.9-14.6 Evaluation of Patients with PCR-Positive Influenza Virus on Nasopharyngeal Specimens for Complications and Hospitalization Objective: Influenza is usually an acute self-limiting disease, though it can cause serious complications in high-risk patients. In this study the patients diagnosed as influenza infection during the year 2014 were investigated, and evaluation of the differences between patients followed up on an outpatient basis, and those requiring hospitalization. Material and Method: Forty-eight patients diagnosed as influenza based on PCR-positive nasopharyngeal smears obtained from patients followed up as an inpatient or on an ambulatory basis according to their clinical status and hospitalized patients in Istanbul University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Children's Health and Diseases between January2014-December 2014 were included in the study.Patients' medical records and laboratory analysis were retrospectively analyzed. [n=22, 45.8%, median 43.5 months, (4-204 months)] was statistically smaller than the median age of ambulatory patients [n=26, 54.2%, median 92.5 months, (4-204 months)] (p=0.002). Fever was the most common presenting symptom (n=38, 79,2%). Twenty-five patients (52.1%) had chronic diseases with the most common one being asthma (n=5, 10,4%). Only one patient (2.1%) had influenza vaccination. Influenza types were H1N1 (43,8%), H3N2 (27,1%) and Influenza B (n=14, 29,2%). Neutropenia was the most common pathologic laboratory finding (n=8, 16,7%). Median hemoglobin value of the hospitalized cases [median 11,7 gr/dL (7,4-1,3 gr/dL)] was significantly lower than that of the patients followed up on an ambulatory basis [median 12,4 gr/dL, (9,9-14,6 gr/ dL)] (p=0,02). In total, median duration of the disease was 10 days (7-21 days). A patient (2,1%) with the diagnosis of chronic liver disease died secondary to acute respiratory distress syndrome. Results: Median age of the patients (female, n=16, 33.3%) was 54 months (4-204 months). The median age of hospitalized patients Conclusion:In order to decrease complications and hospitalization rates related to influenza, small children and the patients with chronic disorders should be vaccinated.

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Neurologic Complications of Influenza

Cited by 121 publications

References 37 publications

Viral encephalitis

Viral encephalitis

Neurological complications after H1N1 influenza vaccination: magnetic resonance imaging findings

Evaluation of patients with PCR positive Influenza virus on nasopharyngeal specimens for complications and hospitalization

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