Neurologic diagnostic criteria for functional neurologic disorders

Gasca-Salas, Carmen; Lang, Anthony E.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-801772-2.00017-5

“…There are no duration or severity criteria or explicit rules for exclusion based on additional symptoms. In the neurological literature, there are also diagnostic criteria for FND subtypes, such as those for FND-seiz ( LaFrance et al, 2013a ) and FND-movt ( Espay and Lang, 2015 , Gasca-Salas and Lang, 2016 , Williams et al, 1995 ). Unsurprisingly, varying FND diagnostic criteria have been used across studies.…”

Section: Fnd Characterization Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroimaging in Functional Neurological Disorder: State of the Field and Research Agenda

Perez

¹

,

Nicholson

²

,

Asadi-Pooya

³

et al. 2021

NeuroImage: Clinical

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Highlights 1st Neuroimaging Workgroup Meeting in Functional Neurological Disorder (FND). Underscores the importance of FND cohort characterization in brain imaging research. Details methodological approaches taken in FND neuroimaging research to date. Research agenda proposed to definitely elucidate the neural circuitry of FND. Discussions underway regarding having FND researchers join the ENIGMA consortium.

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“…Anamnesis also provides a good opportunity to start the examination by observing the symptom's variations and distractibility during spontaneous speech and behavior, as it is a typical functional sign [11].…”

Section: Clinical Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional movement disorders

Barbey

¹

,

Aybek

²

2017

Current Opinion in Neurology

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Purpose of reviewThe review highlights the clinical presentation of functional movement disorders (FMDs) and presents current evidence on bedside signs and paraclinical tests to differentiate them from other neurological disorders. Recent findingsFMDs are diagnosed by the presence of positive clinical signs as emphasized in the new Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 classification criteria. Bedside signs are numerous, and a subset of them has been validated in controlled studies. This review summarizes evidence from the literature on specificity and sensibility of positive clinical signs for FMDs. The value of rule-in paraclinical tests to confirm the diagnosis is also presented. Recent developments in neuroscience with pathophysiological mechanisms and current treatment strategies are also discussed. SummaryFMDs represent a field of neurology that is currently rapidly growing in terms of research. Clinicians should be aware that highly reliable signs exist for the diagnosis and that early multidisciplinary treatment should be offered.

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“…Anamnesis revealing mismatch between impairment and disability, and also history of marked variability of symptoms or exacerbations with sustained spontaneous remissions can suggest a functional origin. Anamnesis also provides a good opportunity to start the examination by observing the symptom's variations and distractibility during spontaneous speech and behavior, as it is a typical functional sign [11].…”

Section: Clinical Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional movement disorders

Galli

¹

,

Béreau

²

,

Magnin

³

et al. 2020

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Purpose of reviewThe review highlights the clinical presentation of functional movement disorders (FMDs) and presents current evidence on bedside signs and paraclinical tests to differentiate them from other neurological disorders. Recent findingsFMDs are diagnosed by the presence of positive clinical signs as emphasized in the new Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 classification criteria. Bedside signs are numerous, and a subset of them has been validated in controlled studies. This review summarizes evidence from the literature on specificity and sensibility of positive clinical signs for FMDs. The value of rule-in paraclinical tests to confirm the diagnosis is also presented. Recent developments in neuroscience with pathophysiological mechanisms and current treatment strategies are also discussed. SummaryFMDs represent a field of neurology that is currently rapidly growing in terms of research. Clinicians should be aware that highly reliable signs exist for the diagnosis and that early multidisciplinary treatment should be offered.

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Neurologic diagnostic criteria for functional neurologic disorders

Cited by 30 publications

References 82 publications

Neuroimaging in Functional Neurological Disorder: State of the Field and Research Agenda

Neuroimaging in Functional Neurological Disorder: State of the Field and Research Agenda

Functional movement disorders

Functional movement disorders

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