Neurological and psychiatric presentations associated with COVID-19

He, Xingkang; Zhang, Dan; Zhang, Lei; Zheng, Xu; Zhang, Ge; Pan, Konghan; Yu, Hong; Zhang, Lisan; Hu, Xingyue

doi:10.1007/s00406-021-01244-0

Cited by 14 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Indeed, a number of papers have reported that aside from the number of COVID-19 cases during the pandemic, a variety of people have also suffered psychological difficulties such as fear, depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders. 35 36 37 38 39 Since the COVID-19 pandemic, there have been many changes in all parts of society around the world; some have had emotional impacts on students’ lives, including school closure, online learning, reduced physical activity, reduced contact with friends, and changes in sleep patterns. 13 18 40 Because of these reasons, we analyzed the data released by the Daegu Metropolitan Office of Education to determine the emotional impacts and the involved factors on middle and high school students in Daegu city, who experienced a massive spread of COVID-19 in South Korea before its declaration as a worldwide pandemic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health of Adolescent Students in Daegu, Korea

et al. 2021

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Background In February 2020, as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spread rapidly in Daegu, South Korea, students in that region experienced many emotional difficulties. In this study, we analyzed the stress and emotional crisis experienced by students during the COVID-19 pandemic, its causative factors, and the factors that affect negative emotions. Methods We identified the demographic information related to the experiences of unbearable stress and emotional crisis and their causal factors at three points in time: before the pandemic, during its peak, and at the time of the survey (2–3 months after the peak). In addition, we analyzed the factors related to depression and anxiety experienced by students during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Korean version of the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 and the Korean version of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 was used to assess for depressive and anxiety symptoms in the subject students, respectively. Results A total of 8,177 students participated in the analysis, with 4,072 boys (49.8%), 4,105 girls (50.2%), and 4,463 middle school students (54.6%) and 3,177 high school students (45.4%). The percentage of students who experienced unbearable stress was 9% before the COVID-19 pandemic, increased to 16% at the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic, then decreased to 12.7% at the time of the survey. Stress was experienced more by girls (18.1% versus 13.8% in boys; χ 2 = 28.159, P < 0.001) and high school students (19.0% versus 13.5% in middle school students; χ 2 = 45.437, P < 0.001). Overall, 7.6% experienced emotional crises during the COVID-19 pandemic, which was more prevalent in girls (10.1% versus 5.2% in boys; χ 2 = 71.025, P < 0.001) and in high school students (8.8% versus 6.7% in middle school students; χ 2 = 12.996, P < 0.001). Depression and anxiety was seen in 19.8% and 12.3% of students during the COVID-19 pandemic, respectively. The risk factors for depression and anxiety included unbearable stress before the COVID-19 pandemic ( P < 0.001), mental health ( P = 0.044), and age ( P = 0.040), whereas resilience was identified as a protective factor for depression and anxiety ( P = 0.001). Conclusion Students in Daegu experienced lots of mental difficulties since the COVID-19 pandemic. It will be necessary to improve stress management and resilience to improve students' mental health in disasters such as the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health of Adolescent Students in Daegu, Korea

et al. 2021

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“…We hypothesise that the protective role of headache and decreased mood in terms of mortality due to COVID-19 could be -at least partially -explained by the inflammatory process occurring in the body of these patients and leading to virus elimination [12]. Indeed, in a recent Chinese study of 77 patients with COVID-19, those who suffered from anxiety had higher serum levels of IL-6 and IL-10, whereas those with depression had higher CD8+ T-cell count and lower CD4+/CD8+ ratio compared to the remainder [13]. What is more, as it was shown in a large American cohort of nearly 4,000 patients with prior SARS-Cov-2 infection, the severity of COVID-19 symptoms and the presence of headache increased the risk of subsequent major depression by 2.6 and 1.3-fold, respectively [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurological symptoms in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 and their association with in-hospital mortality

Wnuk

Sawczyńska

Kęsek

et al. 2021

Neurol Neurochir Pol.

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Objectives. To evaluate the spectrum of neurological symptoms in patients with COVID-19 during the first 14 days of hospitalisation and its association with in-hospital mortality. Material and methods.We included 200 patients with RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19 admitted to University Hospital in Krakow, Poland. In 164 patients, a detailed questionnaire concerning neurological symptoms and signs was performed prospectively within 14 days of hospitalisation. In the remaining 36 patients, such questionnaires were completed retrospectively based on daily observations in the Department of Neurology.Results. During hospitalisation, 169 patients (84.5%) experienced neurological symptoms; the most common were: fatigue (62.5%), decreased mood (45.5%), myalgia (43.5%), and muscle weakness (42.5%). Patients who died during hospitalisation compared to the remainder were older (79 [70.5-88.5] vs. 63.5 [51-77] years, p = 0.001), and more often had decreased level of consciousness (50.0% vs. 9.3%, p < 0.001), delirium (33.3% vs. 4.4%, p < 0.001), arterial hypotension (50.0% vs. 19.6%, p = 0.005) or stroke during (18.8% vs. 3.3%, p = 0.026) or before hospitalisation (50.0% vs. 7.1, p < 0.001), whereas those who survived more often suffered from headache (42.1% vs. 0%, p = 0.012) or decreased mood (51.7% vs. 0%, p = 0.003). www.journals.viamedica.pl/neurologia_neurochirurgia_polska Marcin Wnuk et al., Neurological symptoms in COVID-19 Conclusions. Most hospitalised patients with COVID-19 experience neurological symptoms. Decreased level of consciousness, delirium, arterial hypotension, and stroke during or before hospitalisation increase the risk of in-hospital mortality.

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“…The localization of virus is closely related to the distribution of ACE2. Consequently, even if COVID-19 is recognized as a disease initially affecting the lungs, it is now clear that SARS-CoV-2 can also affect other organs, thereby increasing its severity [ 12 , 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambulatory COVID-19 Patients Treated with Lactoferrin as a Supplementary Antiviral Agent: A Preliminary Study

Rosa

Tripepi

Naldi³

et al. 2021

JCM

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SARS-CoV-2, an enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus causing COVID-19, exerts morbidity and mortality especially in elderly, obese individuals and those suffering from chronic conditions. In addition to the availability of vaccines and the limited efficacy of the first dose of vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 variants, there is an urgent requirement for the discovery and development of supplementary antiviral agents. Lactoferrin (Lf), a pleiotropic cationic glycoprotein of innate immunity, has been proposed as a safe treatment combined with other therapies in COVID-19 patients. Here, we present a small retrospective study on asymptomatic, paucisymptomatic, and moderate symptomatic COVID-19 Lf-treated versus Lf-untreated patients. The time required to achieve SARS-CoV-2 RNA negativization in Lf-treated patients (n = 82) was significantly lower (p < 0.001) compared to that observed in Lf-untreated ones (n = 39) (15 versus 24 days). A link among reduction in symptoms, age, and Lf treatment was found. The Lf antiviral activity could be explained through the interaction with SARS-CoV-2 spike, the binding with heparan sulfate proteoglycans of cells, and the anti-inflammatory activity associated with the restoration of iron homeostasis disorders, which favor viral infection/replication. Lf could be an important supplementary treatment in counteracting SARS-CoV-2 infection, as it is also safe and well-tolerated by all treated patients.

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Neurological and psychiatric presentations associated with COVID-19

Cited by 14 publications

References 42 publications

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health of Adolescent Students in Daegu, Korea

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health of Adolescent Students in Daegu, Korea

Neurological symptoms in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 and their association with in-hospital mortality

Ambulatory COVID-19 Patients Treated with Lactoferrin as a Supplementary Antiviral Agent: A Preliminary Study

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