Neurological changes in brain structure and functions among individuals with a history of childhood sexual abuse: A review

Blanco, Lyzette; Nydegger, Liesl A.; Camarillo, Giselle; Trinidad, Dennis R.; Ames, Susan L.

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.07.013

Cited by 56 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…In another study of comparison of patients with PNES only (324 patients) with those who had epilepsy only (281 patients), history of abuse (physical or sexual) was more frequent among those with PNES [Odds ratio: 3.35 (95% confidence interval: 1.23-9.10); p = 0.018] [11]. In one recent review study [12], the authors focused on neurological associations in brain structures among individuals with a history of childhood sexual abuse. They concluded that a history of childhood sexual abuse was associated with irregularities in the cortical and subcortical regions of the brain and these irregularities may contribute to various cognitive, behavioral, and psychological health outcomes later in life [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Education in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures

Asadi‐Pooya

Bahrami

2019

Seizure

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A B S T R A C TPurpose: The aim of this study was to investigate any possible association between education and psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) and any potential effects education might have on clinical characteristics of patients with PNES. Methods: In this retrospective study, all patients with PNES, who were studied at Shiraz Comprehensive Epilepsy Center at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, from 2008 until 2018, were recruited. We categorized the patients as 1. Less than 6 years of education; 2. With some college education. Results: Sixty-two patients (19%) had some college education and 38 patients (12%) had less than 6 years of education [22 patients (6.8%) were illiterate]. Age at onset of PNES was earlier in those with some college education (p = 0.0001) and they more often reported a history of sexual abuse (p = 0.02). Other demographic variables, seizure-related variables, PNES associated factors, and use of antiepileptic drugs were not significantly associated with education in the patients (all p values were > 0.05). Conclusions: It seems that the level of education has no significant effects on the clinical picture of PNES (other than its association with age at onset and history of sex abuse). While the above observations are important, they should be investigated in cross-cultural comparisons in future studies to depict a full picture of PNES related factors across borders and cultures.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Education in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures

Asadi‐Pooya

Bahrami

2019

Seizure

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“…Research results indicate that women with a history of CSA have problems in three domains of the pelvic floor: micturition, defecation, and sexual function [ 61 ]. Anne has suffered much in the pelvic area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screaming Body and Silent Healthcare Providers: A Case Study with a Childhood Sexual Abuse Survivor

Sigurðardóttir

Halldórsdóttir

2018

IJERPH

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Stressful early life experiences cause immune dysregulation across the lifespan. Despite the fact that studies have identified childhood sexual abuse (CSA) survivors as a particularly vulnerable group, only a few attempts have been made to study their lived-experience of the physical health consequences of CSA. The aim of this study was to explore a female CSA survivor’s lived-experience of the physical health consequences of CSA and how she experienced the reactions of healthcare providers. Seven interviews were conducted with this 40-year-old woman, Anne, using a phenomenological research approach. Anne was still a young child (two to three years old) when her father started to rape her. Since her childhood, she has experienced complex and widespread physical health consequences such as repeated vaginal and abdominal infections, widespread and chronic pain, sleeping problems, digestive problems, chronic back problems, fibromyalgia, musculoskeletal problems, repeated urinary tract infections, cervical dysplasia, inflammation of the Fallopian tubes, menorrhagia, endometrial hyperplasia, chlamydia, ovarian cysts, ectopic pregnancies, uterus problems, severe adhesions, and ovarian cancer. Anne disclosed her CSA experience to several healthcare providers but they were silent and failed to provide trauma-informed care. Anne’s situation, albeit unique, might reflect similar problems in other female CSA survivors.

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“…Although the evidences on the environment and the cerebellum come mainly from animal research developed in laboratory settings, extensive epidemiological literature has demonstrated a significant role for specific environmental factors leading to depression in humans. Interestingly, non-genetic factors typically associated with adult depression, such as early stressful experiences, have recently been suggested in a literature review as potential modifiers of the cerebellar functionality45.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental factors linked to depression vulnerability are associated with altered cerebellar resting-state synchronization

Córdova‐Palomera

Tornador

Falcón

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Hosting nearly eighty percent of all human neurons, the cerebellum is functionally connected to large regions of the brain. Accumulating data suggest that some cerebellar resting-state alterations may constitute a key candidate mechanism for depressive psychopathology. While there is some evidence linking cerebellar function and depression, two topics remain largely unexplored. First, the genetic or environmental roots of this putative association have not been elicited. Secondly, while different mathematical representations of resting-state fMRI patterns can embed diverse information of relevance for health and disease, many of them have not been studied in detail regarding the cerebellum and depression. Here, high-resolution fMRI scans were examined to estimate functional connectivity patterns across twenty-six cerebellar regions in a sample of 48 identical twins (24 pairs) informative for depression liability. A network-based statistic approach was employed to analyze cerebellar functional networks built using three methods: the conventional approach of filtered BOLD fMRI time-series, and two analytic components of this oscillatory activity (amplitude envelope and instantaneous phase). The findings indicate that some environmental factors may lead to depression vulnerability through alterations of the neural oscillatory activity of the cerebellum during resting-state. These effects may be observed particularly when exploring the amplitude envelope of fMRI oscillations.

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Neurological changes in brain structure and functions among individuals with a history of childhood sexual abuse: A review

Cited by 56 publications

References 56 publications

Education in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures

Education in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures

Screaming Body and Silent Healthcare Providers: A Case Study with a Childhood Sexual Abuse Survivor

Environmental factors linked to depression vulnerability are associated with altered cerebellar resting-state synchronization

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