Neurological complications in childhood nephrotic syndrome: A systematic review

Stabouli, Stella; Chrysaidou, Katerina; Kupferman, Juan C.; Zafeiriou, Dimitrios I.

doi:10.1016/j.ejpn.2019.02.007

Cited by 16 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In this scenario, hypertension would be an epiphenomenon of the underlying mechanism and not the cause, for this reason, it can be present or not in PRES (38,39). Many scholars believe that in both children and adults, the distribution of hypertension is one of the leading causes of developing PRES (5,12,14,15,25,27,(40)(41)(42). About 20-65% of PRES patients had hypertension in adults (12), and because the cerebral blood flow (CBF) autoregulation threshold is lower in children than in adults, the mean of blood pressure at the onset of PRES symptoms is lower.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Risk Factors Associated With Poor Outcome in Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome After Treatment in Children: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2020

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Objective: Chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) play important roles in clinical etiology, symptoms, signs, imaging findings, and biochemical parameters for inducing posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) in pediatric oncologic diseases. We aimed to evaluate various risk factors of pediatric oncologic diseases after conducting chemotherapy and HSCT to induce PRES for predicting the clinical prognosis frequency. Methods: The literature was performed on PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases to recognize the qualified studies. The odds ratios (ORs) of related risk factors and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to compute the pooled assessments of the outcomes. Results: Six studies were included in the meta-analysis, involving 828 records. The risk of female children has a significantly higher incidence than male children in oncologic age groups of PRES. Children over the age of 10 years old in oncologic age groups develop a significantly increased risk of PRES. Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) has a significant promotion effect on the occurrence of PRES. Hypertension can promote the occurrence of PRES in children. The risk of PRES in immunodeficient children increases significantly. Children with sickle cell disease (SCD) have a significantly increased risk of PRES. The risk of PRES in children with T-cell leukemia rises considerably. The central nervous system (CNS) leukemia/involvement has a significant role in promoting the occurrence of PRES in children. The pooled OR for the factors male, ≥10 years old of age, acute GVHD, hypertension, immunodeficiency, SCD, T-cell leukemia, CNS leukemia/involvement was 0.66 (95% CI: 0.58, 0.76; P

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Risk Factors Associated With Poor Outcome in Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome After Treatment in Children: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2020

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“…In conclusion, PRES should always be considered in pediatric patients with nephrotic syndrome who develop an unexpected episode of neurological signs [13 , 24 , 26] , especially if they have systemic hypertension and are on prolonged immunosuppressive therapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nephrotic syndrome is one of the most common causes of chronic kidney disease in childhood with an incidence of 2-7 per 100,000 children. The most commonly reported neurological complication is cerebral thromboembolism, which remains one of the most serious and life-threatening events, but PRES is another neurological complication frequently reported in children with nephrotic syndrome [5 , 6 , 13 , 27] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) in a 6-year-old child with nephrotic syndrome

Marinari

Bottoni

Stoppino

et al. 2021

Radiology Case Reports

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“…Using these criteria, the majority of our patients were found exhibit a considerable risk of developing premature vascular disease. Hyperlipidemia is also involved in the pathogenesis of various acute complications in NS [23,24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Markedly Increased Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein During Acute Phase in Childhood and Adolescent Nephrotic Syndrome

Sugimoto¹,

Miyazaki²,

Enya³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Hyperlipidemia is an important characteristic feature of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (NS) in children. This study was conducted to examine the lipid profiles, including small dense low-density lipoprotein (sdLDL-C), in childhood-onset NS.Methods: This retrospective study enrolled patients diagnosed with initial-onset NS in childhood and adolescence. Study parameters included lipid profiles. The “alternative LDL window” comprises the number and sizes of LDL particles estimated according to non-HDL-C and TG levels.Results: A total of 39 patients were enrolled who exhibited markedly increased lipid abnormalities, including TC, TG, LDL-C, and non-HDL-C levels (TC, 409.7 TC, TG, and sizes of LDL particles estimated as non-HDL-C, 332.3). Of the 39 patients, 32 (82%) were categorized in the area of hyper-TG/-non-HDL levels, which is considered as sdLDL. A positive correlation was found between non-HDL-C and TC (r = 0.96, P < 0.001), TG (r = 0.38, P = 0.018), LDL-C (r = 0.84, P < 0.001), TC/HDL (r = 0.53, P < 0.001), and atherogenic index of plasma (r = 0.42, P = 0.008).Conclusions: Our study demonstrated markedly increased lipid profiles during the acute phase of NS. Evaluation of lipid profiles using the “alternative LDL window” may help understand the state of hyperlipidemia in NS.

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Neurological complications in childhood nephrotic syndrome: A systematic review

Cited by 16 publications

References 34 publications

Analysis of Risk Factors Associated With Poor Outcome in Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome After Treatment in Children: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Analysis of Risk Factors Associated With Poor Outcome in Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome After Treatment in Children: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) in a 6-year-old child with nephrotic syndrome

Markedly Increased Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein During Acute Phase in Childhood and Adolescent Nephrotic Syndrome

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