Neurological Degeneration and Reduced Serum Vitamin B12-Levels in Captive Monkeys

Ce, Oxnard; Wt, Smith

doi:10.1038/210507a0

Cited by 32 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…(Jathar et al, 1975). The usefulness of animal models in clucidating thc pathophysiology of human vitamin B, , dcficiency has been limited due to various factors and the results of experimental nutritional vitamin B1 deficiency in rhesus monkeys are conflicting (Oxnard & Smith, 1966;Torres et a!, 1971 ;Kark et ai, 1974). In a recent study, thc monkeys made vitamin B I Z deficient had normal growth rates, appeared healthy and behaved normally.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erythrocyte Vitamin B₁₂ Activity in Healthy Indian Lactovegetarians

et al. 1976

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Plasma and erythrocyte vitamin B12 was measured in apparently healthy Indian lactovegetarians and compared with the healthy non-vegetarians from the same population. Comparison of the mean values for routine haematological parameters revealed no significant difference in various dietetic groups. The plasma vitamin B12 levels were distinctly lower in the lactovegetarians than in the non-vegetarians. However, the mean erythrocyte vitamin B12 levels in different dietetic groups showed no significant difference.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erythrocyte Vitamin B₁₂ Activity in Healthy Indian Lactovegetarians

et al. 1976

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Large animals were caged singly, allowed 1 1. of water a day, and fed on a pellet diet (MRC 41 B), with added fruit. Monthly injections of cyanocobalamin 1,000 tg (Glaxo Laboratories) were given to avoid the changes in the peripheral nerves described by Oxnard and Smith (1966) in captive M. rhesus.Acrylamide in a dose of 10, 15, or 20 mg/kg was administered to seven large baboons as a 10% solution in water. Details of the dosage schedules are given by Hopkins (1968Hopkins ( , 1971.…”

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Motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity in the baboon: normal values and changes during acrylamide neuropathy

Hopkins

Gilliatt

1971

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

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SUMMARY Nerve conduction velocity and the amplitude of nerve and muscle action potentials have been measured in the median and anterior tibial nerves of normal adult and infant baboons. The effect of altered temperature on velocity has also been investigated. Seven adult baboons were intoxicated with acrylamide. In animals given 10-15 mg/kg/day, the gradual development of a peripheral neuropathy was accompanied by a decline in the amplitude of both muscle and nerve action potentials. There was also a gradual fall in conduction velocity. In some cases maximal motor velocity in the median nerve fell by as much as 34%, and in the anterior tibial nerve by as much as 49 %, the largest falls being seen in animals showing the greatest reductions in response amplitude. Histological studies, reported elsewhere, have shown that the main pathological change in our animals was a degeneration of the peripheral nerves, with little demyelination. Fibre diameter histograms indicated that large fibres were particularly severely affected, and it seems likely that the reduced maximal conduction velocities were due to this selective loss of large-diameter fibres. McLeod and Wray (1967) reported measurements of conduction velocity in the median and ulnar nerves of lightly anaesthetized baboons. The present study extends these observations to the anterior tibial nerve in the leg, and to purely sensory fibres in a digital branch of the median nerve. We also report changes in nerve conduction velocity and in the amplitude of muscle and nerve action potentials during the neuropathy induced by acrylamide (CH2 CH CONH2), a substance shown to produce peripheral nerve damage in man (Garland and Patterson, 1967;Fullerton, 1969) and in the rat (Fullerton and Barnes, 1966).A description of the clinical illness produced by acrylamide in the baboon and of the histological changes in the peripheral nerves has been reported elsewhere (Hopkins, 1968(Hopkins, , 1971). METHODSObservations on healthy baboons were made on 14 Papio anubis weighing 7-5 to 13-6 kg and on seven Papio hamadryas weighing 9 4 to 15-4 kg. The age of the animals was not known, but nine of the P. anubis and five of the P. hamadryas were female and showed the changes of oestrus, which begins at about 4 years. Three infant baboons weighing 2-5 to 3-3 kg were also studied; on the basis of their weight and dentition these were believed to be between 9 and 15 months old. Large animals were caged singly, allowed 1 1. of water a day, and fed on a pellet diet (MRC 41 B), with added fruit. Monthly injections of cyanocobalamin 1,000 tg (Glaxo Laboratories) were given to avoid the changes in the peripheral nerves described by Oxnard and Smith (1966) in captive M. rhesus.Acrylamide in a dose of 10, 15, or 20 mg/kg was administered to seven large baboons as a 10% solution in water. Details of the dosage schedules are given by Hopkins (1968Hopkins ( , 1971.Light anaesthesia for the estimation of nerve conduction velocity was produced by intramuscular phencyclidine, 2 mg/kg (Semylan: Parke, ...

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“…41 B, supplemented by a daily fruit. All animals received 1,000 pg of B12 (Glaxo Laboratories) by injection monthly, to avoid the changes seen in the nerves of captive Macaca rhesus described by Oxnard and Smith (1966). All animals were retained for at least three months in the laboratory before lead intoxication was begun.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental lead poisoning in the baboon

Hopkins

1970

Occupational and Environmental Medicine

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Neurological Degeneration and Reduced Serum Vitamin B12-Levels in Captive Monkeys

Cited by 32 publications

References 7 publications

Erythrocyte Vitamin B₁₂ Activity in Healthy Indian Lactovegetarians

Erythrocyte Vitamin B₁₂ Activity in Healthy Indian Lactovegetarians

Motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity in the baboon: normal values and changes during acrylamide neuropathy

Experimental lead poisoning in the baboon

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Neurological Degeneration and Reduced Serum Vitamin B12-Levels in Captive Monkeys

Cited by 32 publications

References 7 publications

Erythrocyte Vitamin B12 Activity in Healthy Indian Lactovegetarians

Erythrocyte Vitamin B12 Activity in Healthy Indian Lactovegetarians

Motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity in the baboon: normal values and changes during acrylamide neuropathy

Experimental lead poisoning in the baboon

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Product

Resources

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Erythrocyte Vitamin B₁₂ Activity in Healthy Indian Lactovegetarians

Erythrocyte Vitamin B₁₂ Activity in Healthy Indian Lactovegetarians