Neurological disorders in children and adolescents

Banerjee, Tapas Kumar; Hazra, Avijit; Biswas, Atanu; Ray, Jayanta; Roy, Trishit; Raut, Deepak; Chaudhuri, Arijit; Das, Shyamal Kumar

doi:10.1007/s12098-008-0226-z

Cited by 58 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Although spasticity was the dominant motor type in the Bangladesh sample, it was a lower proportion than that reported in previous studies in low-resource countries, 17 and significantly lower than the rates identified in our Australian sample. There was a significantly greater number of term births in Bangladesh, consistent with other studies from lowresource settings, 14,17,20 which would be expected in settings with poorer survival of children born preterm. 3 One explanation for the differences in motor severity and type could relate to our use of consistent raters and definitions across both settings, which gives greater certainty when comparing data.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…12 In low-resource countries there continues to be large variability in prevalence estimates, relatedto CP definitions, ability to detect milder cases, age at diagnosis (with CP prevalence influenced by survival rates), and adequate training for health staff. 3 Three population-based studies in low-resource countries have estimated prevalence as low as 1.6/1000 in urban China, 13 2.8/1000 in India (4.4/1000 in children aged ,4 years), 14 and as high as 4.0/1000 in Bangladesh (29.0/1000 in Dhaka district). 15 Studies of clinic attendees in these settings have reported high rates of spasticity similar to that in high-resource countries, from 70% to 90%.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14,[16][17][18][19][20] Studies have tended to identify higher rates of quadriplegia than those reported in the west (60% to 86%), 16,17,20 although the only population-based study found a high rate of spastic diplegia (72.9%). 14 Differences in prevalence and motor patterns between high-and low-resource countries reported in the literature remain unclear; however, the etiology has been reported to differ markedly. Owing to improved medical care in highresource countries, it is now thought that birth asphyxia accounts for only 6% to 8% of CP cases, 1 with an increased proportion of preterm births (45%).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17 Birth asphyxia and low birth weight are reported as the prevailing causes of CP in low-resource countries, 16,17 along with kernicterus and postnatal causes such as meningitis and cerebral malaria. 3,14 The motor outcomes of children in highresource countries have been well described based on their level of gross motor function (Gross Motor Function Classification System [GMFCS]). Motor outcomes are impacted by a wide array of factors, including intrinsic child characteristics, family dynamics and functioning, and availability, access, and options for interventions.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Motor Severity in Children With Cerebral Palsy Studied in a High-Resource and Low-Resource Country

et al. 2014

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OBJECTIVES: To compare the patterns of motor type and gross motor functional severity in preschool-aged children with cerebral palsy (CP) in Bangladesh and Australia. METHODS: We used comparison of 2 prospective studies. A total of 300 children with CP were aged 18 to 36 months, 219 Australian children (mean age, 26.6 months; 141 males) recruited through tertiary and community services, and 81 clinic-attendees born in Bangladesh (mean age, 27.5 months; 50 males). All children had diagnosis confirmed by an Australian physician, and birth and developmental history collected on the Physician Checklist. All children were classified by the same raters between countries using the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), and motor type and distribution. RESULTS: There were more children from GMFCS I–II in the Australian sample (GMFCS I, P < .01; III, P < .01; V, P = .03). The patterns of motor type also differed significantly with more spasticity and less dyskinetic types in the Australian sample (spasticity, P < .01; dystonia, P < .01; athetosis, P < .01). Birth risk factors were more common in the Bangladesh sample, with risk factors of low Apgar scores (Australia, P < .01), lethargy/seizures (Australia, P = .01), and term birth (Bangladesh, P = .03) associated with poorer gross motor function. Cognitive impairments were significantly more common in the Bangladesh children (P < .01), and visual impairments more common in Australia (P < .01). CONCLUSIONS: Patterns of functional severity, motor type, comorbidities, etiology, and environmental risk factors differed markedly between settings. Our results contribute to understanding the patterns of CP in low-resource settings, and may assist in optimizing service delivery and prioritizing appropriate early interventions for children with CP in these settings.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Motor Severity in Children With Cerebral Palsy Studied in a High-Resource and Low-Resource Country

et al. 2014

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“…Europe, North America, Australia, Hong Kong and Japan-based studies demonstrated that prevalence ratios were within the range of 1.3-3.6 per 1000 live births [2][3][4][5]. In China [6], Turkey [7] and India [8], on the other hand, these ratios varied between the ranges of 1.3 and 4.4 per 1000 live births [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality of Life in Children with Cerebral Palsy

SpringerReference

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Cerebral palsy is a complex and serious disease that can afect all age groups around the world. There is no prevalence diferentiation between developed and developing countries. Preeclampsia, maternal trauma, low birth weight, gestational age, birth asphyxia, intrauterine infection, etc. can also be included in the list of risk factors. Functional limitations, self-care diiculties, behavioral problems, seizures, cognitive, sensory, social and emotional impairments and diiculties of daily life activities can afect health-related quality of life in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy. So, it is important to evaluate health-related quality of life in cerebral palsy. It is stated that there are many generic instruments to evaluate health-related quality of life. However, using speciic instruments for cerebral palsy is more sensitive than generic instruments to evaluate efect of cerebral palsy in children's health-related quality of life. The aim of this chapter is to investigate health-related quality of life instruments in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy.

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Association of intronic polymorphism rs3773364 A>G in synapsin‐2 gene with idiopathic epilepsy

Lakhan

Kalita

Kumari

et al. 2009

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In epilepsy, there is a tendency towards recurrent unprovoked seizures. Seizures result due to the excessive electrical misfiring in the brain between neurons and disturbance in neurotransmitter release. Several gene products affect the behavior of these neurons by regulating neurotransmission via several mechanisms. One such gene, Synapsin-2 (SYN2), involved in synaptogenesis is also reported to regulate the neurotransmitter release. We hypothesized that SYN2 gene and its polymorphisms could affect the process of epileptogenesis and therapeutic response in humans. In this hospital-based study, we enrolled 372 patients with epilepsy and 199 control subjects. We selected rs3773364 A>G polymorphism in SYN2 gene and analyzed its distribution in north Indian patients with epilepsy and control subjects. Genotyping was carried out by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. According to the results obtained, SYN2 "AG" genotype frequency was significantly higher in patients with epilepsy versus control subjects in north Indian population (P = 0.02, OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.06-2.26). After subclassification, we observed higher frequency of AG genotype in idiopathic patients as compared to control subjects (P = 0.01, OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.08-2.56). There were no significant differences in genotypic (AG: OR = 0.80, P = 0.377; GG: P = 0.628, OR = 1.17) or allelic (P = 0.86, OR = 1.03) frequency distributions in patients with multiple drug resistance versus patients with drug-responsive epilepsy. Results from our study indicate the involvement of SYN2 gene polymorphism in conferring risk to epilepsy; however, the genetic variant does not seem to modulate drug-response in epilepsy pharmacotherapy.

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Neurological disorders in children and adolescents

Cited by 58 publications

References 18 publications

Motor Severity in Children With Cerebral Palsy Studied in a High-Resource and Low-Resource Country

Motor Severity in Children With Cerebral Palsy Studied in a High-Resource and Low-Resource Country

Quality of Life in Children with Cerebral Palsy

Association of intronic polymorphism rs3773364 A>G in synapsin‐2 gene with idiopathic epilepsy

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