Neurological Examination in Subjects over 65 Years: An Epidemiological Survey

Benassi, G; D’Alessandro, Roberto; Gallassi, Roberto; Morreale, Angela; Lugaresi, E

doi:10.1159/000110749

Cited by 38 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Os reflexos principais seriam o palmomentoniano, o de muxoxo e o de apreensão. Sua prevalência é muito variada entre os estudos: palmomentoniano (15,6%-36,4%), muxoxo (33%-73%) e apreensão (27%-67%) 34,35 . Diferentemente da criança, a presença de reflexos primitivos no idoso é considerada patológica e sua ocorrência é mais predominante na DA 34 .…”

Section: Retrogênese Neurológicaunclassified

“…Diferentemente da criança, a presença de reflexos primitivos no idoso é considerada patológica e sua ocorrência é mais predominante na DA 34 . Nessa doença os reflexos de muxoxo e apreensão são os mais comuns 35 . O exame neurológico usualmente é considerado normal, exceto nas fases mais avançadas da doença, quando podem ser observados sinais extrapiramidais (rigidez, alterações posturais e da marcha), mioclonias e reflexos primitivos 22 .…”

Section: Retrogênese Neurológicaunclassified

See 1 more Smart Citation

Psicomotricidade e retrogênese: considerações sobre o envelhecimento e a doença de Alzheimer

Borges¹,

Aprahamian²,

Radanovic

et al. 2010

Rev. psiquiatr. clín.

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ResumoContexto: A teoria da retrogênese refere-se às mudanças nas habilidades psicomotoras que ocorrem de forma inversa à aquisição do desenvolvimento motor normal. Tais mudanças ocorrem ao longo do processo de envelhecimento e também são ilustradas por mudanças degenerativas ocorridas na doença de Alzheimer (DA). Objetivos: Revisar o conceito de retrogênese no envelhecimento e na DA e discutir os artigos publicados sobre o assunto nos últimos 10 anos. Métodos: Foi realizada uma pesquisa nas bases de dados PubMed (MEDLINE), LILACS, Cochrane e Sci SciELO com as palavras-chave "retrogenesis" (retrogênese), "elderly" (idoso) e "Alzheimer's disease" (doença de Alzheimer). Resultados: A busca bibliográfica resultou em seis artigos, dois dos quais publicados nos primeiros meses de 2009, sendo realizadas análise descritiva e interpretação crítica deles. Foi possível observar que o estudo da retrogênese na velhice tem sido feito fundamentalmente com base na DA, principalmente por meio de revisões bibliográficas e explorações teóricas. Esses trabalhos correlacionam manifestações observadas na DA com determinadas alterações fisiológicas, seguindo o sentido oposto ao do desenvolvimento normal do ser humano. Conclusão: A partir da revisão realizada, destacou-se o modelo da retrogênese funcional que ilustra as alterações involutivas que ocorrem em pacientes acometidos em pacientes com DA. Modelos experimentais utilizando-se de técnicas de ressonância magnética com medidas de anisotropia, identificando alterações de substância branca, têm sido apresentados para testar as hipóteses teóricas da retrogênese. Borges SM, et al. / Rev Psiq Clín. 2010;37(3):131-7Palavras-chave: Retrogênese, idoso, demência, doença de Alzheimer. AbstractBackground: The theory of retrogenesis refers to changes in psychomotor abilities that occur in the reverse order in which they are acquired in normal psychomotor development. Such changes occur along the aging process and are also illustrated by the degenerative changes that occur in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Objectives: To review the concept of retrogenesis in aging and in AD and to discuss the articles published on the subject in the last ten years. Methods: A search was conducted in the databases PubMed (MEDLINE), LILACS, Cochrane and SciELO with the keywords "retrogenesis", "elderly" and "Alzheimer's disease". Results:The literature search resulted in six articles, two of which recently published. We conducted a descriptive analysis of them. We observed that the study of retrogenesis in old age has been done primarily on the basis of AD, mainly through literature reviews and theoretical explorations. These works correlate events observed in AD with some physiological changes, following the opposite direction to the normal development of human beings. Discussion: Based on available literature, we support the notion that functional retrogenesis model illustrate the changes that occur in patients with AD. This notion is supported by experimental models using diffusion tensor imaging and addressing w...

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Section: Retrogênese Neurológicaunclassified

Psicomotricidade e retrogênese: considerações sobre o envelhecimento e a doença de Alzheimer

Borges¹,

Aprahamian²,

Radanovic

et al. 2010

Rev. psiquiatr. clín.

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“…Therefore, it is plausible to suggest that ISNAs may be an epiphenomenon of clinically covert brain vascular and/or degenerative damage. Past reports on these subtle neurological abnormalities have primarily focused on evaluating extrapyramidal features [16], while very few reports [17][18][19] have focused on those related to the dysfunction of other brain structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolated, subtle, neurological abnormalities in neurologically and cognitively healthy aging subjects

et al. 2015

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The aim of this study is to describe the frequency of isolated, subtle, neurological abnormalities (ISNAs) in a large population of neurologically and cognitively healthy subjects and to compare ISNAs to various types of MRI-detected cerebrovascular lesions and subcortical brain atrophy in different age classes. 907 subjects were selected from a large, prospective hospital-based study. At baseline neurological examination, 17 ISNAs were selected. Primitive reflexes were the most common ISNAs (35.8 %), while dysphagia was the most rarely encountered (0.3 %). Measures of small vessel disease, i.e., deep and subcortical white matter hyperintensity and lacunar infarcts as well as subcortical atrophy, were variously associated with ISNAs. In the adult group, the ISNAs were associated with hypertriglyceridemia, TIA, and subcortical lacunar infarcts, while in the elderly-old group they were associated with arterial hypertension, subcortical white matter hyperintensity, and subcortical atrophy. An increased risk of ISNAs was associated with lacunae and white matter hyperintensity in the parietal region. This study shows that white matter hyperintensity, lacunae, and subcortical atrophy are associated with an increased risk of ISNAs in cognitively and neurologically healthy aging subjects. ISNAs are not benign signs. Therefore, adults and elderly people presenting with ISNAs should have access to accurate history and diagnosis to prevent progression of small vessel disease and future neurological and cognitive disabilities.

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“…The activities of daily living (ADL) of the elderly are adversely affected by deterioration of motor, mental, and emotional functions. Such deterioration is often associated with chronic neurological disorders, such as cerebrovascular disease, Parkinson's disease and parkinsonism, dementia, and diseases of the spine or spinal cord, in addition to aging (2)(3)(4). Indeed, previous surveys found that the elderly residents in a community frequently had abnormal neurological symptoms and signs, and numerous symptomatic neurological disorders (2,3,5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such deterioration is often associated with chronic neurological disorders, such as cerebrovascular disease, Parkinson's disease and parkinsonism, dementia, and diseases of the spine or spinal cord, in addition to aging (2)(3)(4). Indeed, previous surveys found that the elderly residents in a community frequently had abnormal neurological symptoms and signs, and numerous symptomatic neurological disorders (2,3,5). Although most neuroepidemiological studies to date have been oriented towarddisease entities, a fewcommunitysurveys have been undertaken to define the prevalence of abnormal neurological manifestations and disability in ADLwithin a community (2,3,6,7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severity of Neurological Disorders in Elderly Residents of a Farming Town in Kyushu, Japan; Prevalence of Disability in Activities of Daily Living.

et al. 1997

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Activities of daily living (ADL) were evaluated in 421 elderly people, aged 60-95, who resided in 27 randomly selected communities in the town ofMifune, Japan. The disability ofADLincreased with age, and was particularly rapid after age 80. Most of the elderly were independent; the prevalence of dependent elderly ranged from 0.7% (in feeding) to 9.5% (in working). The prevalence of dependent elderly increased markedly after age 80 in all ADLitems, especially those related to behavior such as ambulation, stair climbing, transfers, and working (Le.9 employment, housekeeping, etc.). These results emphasize the importance of community health care of the elderly for preventing and treating neurological disorders which comprised the main cause of disabilities of behavioral ADL.

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Neurological Examination in Subjects over 65 Years: An Epidemiological Survey

Cited by 38 publications

References 16 publications

Psicomotricidade e retrogênese: considerações sobre o envelhecimento e a doença de Alzheimer

Psicomotricidade e retrogênese: considerações sobre o envelhecimento e a doença de Alzheimer

Isolated, subtle, neurological abnormalities in neurologically and cognitively healthy aging subjects

Severity of Neurological Disorders in Elderly Residents of a Farming Town in Kyushu, Japan; Prevalence of Disability in Activities of Daily Living.

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