Neurological Factors in the Control of the Appetite

Conceptualizing the role of estrogens and serotonin in the development and maintenance of bulimia nervosa

“…The effects of 5-HT manipulation on feeding behavior have been demonstrated in both animal and human subjects (e.g., Blundell, 1986; Mancilla-Diaz, Escartin-Perez, Lopez-Alonso, & Cruz-Morales, 2002; Soulairac, 1963) and the general trend is a reduction in 5-HT is associated with increased feeding (Brewerton, 1995). Increased feeding in the context of reduced 5-HT may partially explain the link between increased risk for obesity and the development of BN (Allen, Byrne, Forbes, & Oddy, 2009).…”

Hormonal Mechanisms and Their Interaction with the Central Nervous System (Part 2 of 2)

“…I t is easy to realize th a t th e borderlines o f neuroendocrinology are difficult to define w hen th e following facto rs, for exam ple, are p o in ted o u t: th e effects on a p p e tite o f a horm one, such as insulin, are d u e to its cholinergic p ro p e rtie s r a th e r th a n to its hypoglycem ic ac tio n [127], w hile th e g ro w th of th e m am m alian p o p u latio n s is a c tu ally co n tro lled b y a sociopsychologic physiologic feedback sy stem th a t resp o n d s to changes in p o p u la tio n d e n sity : th e ce n tra l n ervous sys tem -especially s y m p a th e tic p a th w a y s m ed iated by th e h y p o th a la m us -as w ell as th e a n te rio r an d p o sterio r lobes o f the p itu ita ry , the ad ren al co rtex , an d th e gonads, are all involved in th e m echanism s th ro u g h w hich en v iro n m en tal influences govern rep ro d u ctiv e b eh av ior [24,25].…”

Spermatogenetic Activity after Early Postnatal Hypothalamic Lesion in Rats

“…Anterior hypothalamic lesions (Biggard and Alexander, 1939;Dey, 1943;Soulairac, 1963), lesions of the medio-basal hypothalamus including the stalk (Hetherington and Ranson, 1940;Busta-mente and co-workers, 1942;Spatz et al, 1948;Gaup, 1950;Barrnett and Greep, 1951;Spatz, 1951;Fulop, 1952;Mess, 1952;Bogdanove and Halmi, 1953;Benoit and Assenmacher, 1955;Gaup and Spatz, 1955;Bogdanove, 1957;Davidson and Sawyer, 1961;Flerko, 1962;Halasz et al, 1963;Corbin, 1963) and lesions of the posterior hypothalamus including injury of the mamillary body (Soulairac andSoulairac, 1956, 1959;Marescotti et al, 1961;Corbin, 1963) result in testicular atrophy. The arcuate (Gaup and Spatz, 1955;Ganong et al, 1955;Ganong and Hume, 1956;Bogdanove, 1957), supraoptic (Biggart and Alexander, 1939;Dey, 1943) and mamillary nuclei (Dempsey and Rioch, 1939 ;Bard, 1940;Marescotti et al, 1961;Soulairac, 1963) were included in some of these hypothalamic lesions, and this resulted in the loss or degeneration of the nerve cells and consequent glial proliferation after the lesion. Several authors, however, did not detect testicular atrophy after lesions of the mamillary body or suprachiasmatic region (Bustamente et al, 1942;Szentagothai et al, 1962;…”