Neurological outcome of twins dissimilar in size at birth

Ylitalo, V.; Kero, Pentti; Erkkola, Risto

doi:10.1016/0378-3782(88)90012-6

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Some follow-up studies of twins with birtweight discordancies of 25% or more reported no differences in height, weight, or head circumference at age 9.5, nor any differences in gross motor performance or mean school grades. Differences were reported in fine motor performance, balance, coordination, and visual-motor perception favoring the larger birth weight twin [21]. Other studies of twins with birth weight discordancies of 25% or more reported that at one year of age the lighter twin tended to remain smaller, but to be within normal limits [16].…”

Section: Discordancymentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In addition, because most twin pairs are discordant in birthweight to some degree (and many are extremely discordant), they are also ideal subjects for evaluating the effect of genetics versus environment on long-term growth. The results of prior studies are difficult to interpret because of small sample size or varying definitions of discordancy [8,21,2,4,15,6,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Childhood Growth of Twin Children

Luke

Leurgans

Keith

et al. 1995

Acta genet. med. gemellol.: twin res.

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The objective of this study was to assess the childhood growth of twin children in terms of the effects of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and discordancy at birth on the incidence and severity of stunting and discordancy in current height and weight. The study was part of a cross-sectional field project conducted at the Annual Twins Days Festival in Twinsburg. Ohio, USA, during 1990, 1991, and 1993, and including all twin children between 2 and 12 years of age. Mothers of twins were interviewed regarding their children's birthweights and gestational age; the twin children were measured for their current heights and weights. The study population included 990 twin children, including 555 boys and 435 girls, of which there were 254 boy pairs and 194 girls pairs. Birthweight for gestational age and current weight and height were each converted into Z-scores and characterized as severe (Z-score < -2,0), or moderate IUGR or stunting (Z-score > -2.0 and < -1.2). For the present study discordancy in birthweight, and current height and weight was calculated for like-gender twin pairs. Only twin children with severe IUGR at birth showed an increased risk of stunting in their current height or weight, and this risk was only for moderate, not severe, stunting. Boy twins with severe IUGR at birth were at increased risk of moderate stunting in their current weight (OR 2.67, 95% CI 1.55, 4.58, p = 0.002), while girl twins with severe IUGR at birth were at increased risk of moderate stunting in their current height (OR 4.09, 95% CI 1.49, 10.99, p = 0.003). Among like-gender twin pairs, there were no differences in mean or categories of birthweight or current weight discordancy, but boy twin pairs did show a significantly greater proportion of current weight discordancy compared to girl twin pairs (p = 0.005). Overall, there was a significant tendency for differences in height and weight between like-gender twin pairs to disappear over time, with the effect being greater for boy twin pairs. We conclude from these findings that twin children tend to overcome growth retardation and discordancy present at birth, and although children who had severe IUGR or discordancy at birth were more likely to have some residual moderate stunting or discordancy in height or weight, they still tended to be within normal values for their gender and current age.

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Section: Discordancymentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Childhood Growth of Twin Children

Luke

Leurgans

Keith

et al. 1995

Acta genet. med. gemellol.: twin res.

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“…In general the smaller of the twins had significantly poorer fine motor performance-balance-coordination, as well as of visuomotor perception. 141 …”

Section: Obstetric and Neonatal Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Environmental Contributions to Childhood Motor Skills

et al. 2013

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Although much of children’s motor skills have a heredity component, at least half of the variance is likely to be influenced by the environment It is important to ascertain features of the environment that are responsible so that toxins can be avoided, children at risk can be identified and beneficial interventions initiated. This review outlines the results of published studies and recommends the areas where further research is required. We found much confusion with little comparability concerning the ages or measures used. Few studies had sufficient power and few allowed for confounders. We found that research to date implicates associations with prenatal drinking ≥4 drinks of alcohol per day; diabetes; taking antidepressant drugs; being deficient in iodine or iron; dietary fish; and postnatal depression. The child appearing to be most at risk was born of low birth weight (but not due to preterm delivery); or with neonatal problems.

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“…This study aims at clarifying the influence of perinatal handicap over later development as is more often seen in the second-born twin. There have been several reports, which selected only pairs showing conspicuous differences between the twins [1,3]. However, as far as we know, no general comparison between first-born and second-born twins was attempted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Birth Injuries in First-Born and Second-Born Twins

Asaka¹,

Ooki²,

Yamada

1990

Acta genet. med. gemellol.: twin res.

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This study showed that biological handicap with many complications at birth was much more recognized in the second-born than in the first-born twins. One of the most prominent intrapair differences was, for example, the weight at birth. However, intrapair differences, which were observed also in other physical measurements, diminished gradually with age. Moreover, as for intellectual ability, which was represented by the scores of the entrance examination test or standard achievement test, no remarkable influences due to handicap of the second-born were identified. Thus, it was concluded that the biological handicap seen in the second-born twin at birth did not give any significant effect on later development.

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Neurological outcome of twins dissimilar in size at birth

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

The Childhood Growth of Twin Children

The Childhood Growth of Twin Children

A Review of Environmental Contributions to Childhood Motor Skills

The Influence of Birth Injuries in First-Born and Second-Born Twins

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