Neurological paraneoplastic syndromes.

Abstract

(y Clin Pathol 1997;50:975-980)

A 68-Year-Old Woman with Lung Cancer and Late-Onset Bipolar Disorder

“…13 Immunomodulating therapies, such as plasma exchange and intravenous immunoglobulin, may also be beneficial. 12 This patient's case remains an anomaly. The relationship between her exposure to 3 days of corticosteroid treatment and the precipitation of mania with psychosis makes it appear that she suffered from a corticosteroidinduced psychiatric disturbance.…”

“…Fifty percent of cases precede the cancer diagnosis. 12 Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis (PLE), a non-metastatic condition with an autoimmune basis, is a rare disorder characterized by personality changes; depression; seizures; memory loss; dementia; and, less frequently, mania. 13 Some types of cancer are more commonly associated with PLE, such as lung, testis, and breast.…”

Neoplasm Related Encephalopathies

“…Cdr1 encodes the 34 kDa protein while Cdr2 encodes the CDR62 protein that specifically binds to c-Myc thereby downregulating its activity. Disruption of this interaction by anti-Yo antibodies may increase c-Myc activity, leading to apoptosis of Purkinje cells (Dalmau & Rosenfield, 2008;Nath & Grant, 1997;Voltz, 2002).…”

“…Tumour associations 80%-93% of patients with anti-Hu antibodies will have SCLC (Gozzard & Maddison, 2010); Nath & Grant, 1997). Extrathoracic tumours in association with anti-Hu antibodies include neuroblastoma (50%) and prostate cancer (Titulaer et al, 2011).…”

“…The patients are usually young men and the diagnosis of PNS often follows the diagnosis of lymphoma (Nath & Grant, 1997).…”