Neurological, psychiatric and psychosocial consequences of cardiosurgical interventions in the conditions of artificial blood circulation and general approaches to their prevention

Abstract

Cardiac surgery is a modern, effective, and promising direction of treatment of patients with severe cardiac pathology. An integral component of modern surgical interventions on the heart is artificial blood circulation, which is accompanied by several risks for the patient both during the operation and in the postoperative period. Despite the improvement of the surgical technique and the technological support of sur- gical interventions on the heart, the expansion of the spectrum of indications for operations and the increase in the average age of patients, the frequency of postoperative complications in CPH remains high, and the search for ways to reduce them is an extremely important task of modern medical science and practice. Among the postoperative complications of CVC, a significant place belongs to neurologi- cal disorders cerebral infarction, postoperative encephalopathy, and postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Also, negative clinical-psychopathological and psychosocial consequences occupy a significant place. Current scientific data on the pathogenesis, clinical and phenomenologi- cal features, and ways of treatment and prevention of complications of CHD are incomplete, contra dictory, and require additional research. Based on the above, a conclusion was made about the relevance of a number of important problems regarding the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with neurological consequences of surgical interventions on the heart, which require careful study and further resolution.