Neuromuscular disease associated with glycogen storage in a Spanish‐bred filly

F, Gil; Aleman, Monica R; Rivero, Miguel; Latorre, R.; Martínez-Carrión, José Miguel; Aguirre, Carolina; Ruiz, Inmaculada Concepción Sánchez; Ayala, Ignacio

doi:10.1136/vr.158.15.513

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Apparent myalgia has been reported in cases of human granulocytic anaplasmosis, 5 and this is suspected to be the cause of the stiff gait that appears to be a common feature of the disease in horses. Increases in serum CK activity and AST have been reported previously in the horse associated with A. phagocytophilum infection, 6 although the increases were mild (1,325 and 838 IU/L, respectively) and associated with abnormal muscle glycogen accumulation. Acute rhabdomyolysis has sporadically been associated with infection with both A. phagocytophilum and Ehrlichia chafeensis in humans 7–9 …”

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Rhabdomyolysis Associated withAnaplasma phagocytophilumInfection in a Horse

Hilton

Madigan

Aleman

2008

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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A 5-year-old, 520 kg, working Quarter Horse gelding was examined in mid-Spring for acute onset of pyrexia, tachycardia, and stiff gait. The referring veterinarian recorded a fever of 39.8 1C (103.81F) and a heart rate of 60 bpm, and the horse appeared reluctant to move forward. A tentative diagnosis of equine granulocytic anaplasmosis (EGA) was made based on the clinical signs and the location of the horse within an area known to be endemic for the disease. The gelding was treated with oxytetracycline (IV) and flunixin meglumine (IV), but there was no improvement in the horse's condition in the 24 hours after treatment. The gelding was referred for further investigation. The horse had moved within northern California and Nevada several times within the preceding months to work cattle. Exercise intolerance had not been recorded, and the gelding had not displayed similar clinical signs before the acute onset of this episode. The horse had not undertaken strenuous exercise in the week before presentation, and no other horses in its environment were affected. The gelding was fed grass and alfalfa hay, with no pasture grazing and no concentrate supplementation.On examination, the gelding was mildly obtunded and moved slowly and deliberately from the trailer. Physical examination revealed tachycardia (68 bpm) and tachypnea (24 bpm). Rectal temperature was within normal limits. No cardiac arrhythmias were ausculted. Moderate episcleral injection and icterus was evident in the oral, conjunctival, and nicitans mucus membranes, and capillary refill time was within normal limits. The gluteal and epaxial musculature were firm, painful, and nondepressible on palpation.A complete blood count (CBC) revealed lymphopenia (934 mL À1 ; reference range 1,600-5,800 mL À1) and thrombocytopenia (44,000 mL À1 ; reference range 100,000-225,000 mL À1). Serum biochemical analysis identified azotemia (serum creatinine concentration 3.0 mg/dL; reference range 0.9-2.0 mg/dL) and a serum urea nitrogen (SUN) concentration (64 mg/dL; reference range 12-27 mg/dL), hyperglycemia (217 mg/dL; reference range 50-107 mg/dL), hyperfibrinogenemia (1,000 mg/dL; reference range 100-400 mg/dL), increased serum creatine kinase (CK) activity (101,077 IU/L; reference range 86-285 IU/L), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (20,705 IU/ L; reference range 168-494 IU/L), sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) (10 mg/dL; reference range 0-8 mg/dL) activities, and total bilirubin concentration (3.1 mg/dL; reference range 0.5-2.3 mg/dL). Analysis of the buffy coat identified numerous small smooth blue inclusions within many of the neutrophils. Most of the inclusions had a clear cytoplasmic vacuole around them. These findings were consistent with those observed after treatment of Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection with pyknotic, condensed organisms within the neutrophils. Blood was submitted for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis for A. phagocytophilum, and blood samples were submitted for electron microscopy in an effort to better characterize the cytoplasmic inclusions....

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confidence: 60%

Rhabdomyolysis Associated withAnaplasma phagocytophilumInfection in a Horse

Hilton

Madigan

Aleman

2008

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…Increased fat deposits along the crest of the neck in horses and ponies (nuchal crest adiposity), has similarly been associated with an altered metabolic state (7) and an increased risk of certain metabolic disorders such insulin resistance (7). Metabolic myopathies include a group of diseases that have the common feature of accumulating normal or abnormal products of metabolism, such as glycogen and lipids (8). A relative similar condition occurs in Piedmontese cattle described as Lipomatous Muscular Dystrophy (LMD), histological investigations showed variations in fiber size, fiber necrosis, mononuclear cell infiltration, increase of connective tissue and especially, replacement by fat (4).…”

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confidence: 99%

Histopathological pattern recognition of cresty neck in horses in Spain

Morales

Méndez

Méndez³

et al. 2017

Braz. J. Vet. Pathol.

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Morales, et al.; Histopathological pattern recognition of cresty neck in horses in Spain. Braz J Vet Pathol, 2017, 10(1), 22 -26. DOI: 10.24070/bjvp.1983 Brazilian AbstractThe aim of this study was to describe patterns of histopathological recognition of the cresty neck in Horses in Spain. A total of 250 horses were studied in Andalusia and Extremadura, Spain. Seventy-six percent of horses present cresty neck. The damage of the cresty neck in horses was categorized as Grade 0 -Muscle fibers are observed, no fat vacuoles are observed (24% of the horses). Grade 1 -Scarce adipose deposit was observed. An unaltered muscle tissue is observed (21% of the horses). Grade 2 -fat vacuoles are evident in muscle tissue intermyofibrillar space and prone to coalescence (23% of the horses). Grade 3 -Abundant fat vacuoles in the intermyofibrillar space, with tendency to coalesce, and low fat infiltration in muscle tissue (moderate lipomatosis) (16% of the horses). Grade 4 -Abundant fat vacuoles in the intermyofibrillar space, with tendency to coalesce, and fatty infiltration in muscle tissue (marked lipomatosis) (8% of the horses). Grade 5 -Only fat vacuoles are observed, without muscle tissue (severe lipomatosis) (8% of the horses). The results for desmin antibody (1: 100 dilution) was positive (++) in grades 0-2, and negative (-) in grades 3-5. These results suggest that as fat/lipomatosis infiltration increases (progresses in grades 3, 4 and 5), the intercellular space (intermyofibrillar) increases and therefore the cell cytoskeleton is lost, with loss of the bands Z, so the negative response to this antibody. In conclusion, we describe histopathological pattern recognition of cresty neck in horses in Spain.

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Congenital, familial, and genetic disorders

2022

Large Animal Neurology

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Neuromuscular disease associated with glycogen storage in a Spanish‐bred filly

Cited by 3 publications

References 18 publications

Rhabdomyolysis Associated withAnaplasma phagocytophilumInfection in a Horse

Rhabdomyolysis Associated withAnaplasma phagocytophilumInfection in a Horse

Histopathological pattern recognition of cresty neck in horses in Spain

Congenital, familial, and genetic disorders

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