Neuromuscular disturbance outlasts other symptoms of exercise-induced muscle damage

Deschenes, Michael R.; Brewer, Rhonda E; Bush, Jill A.; McCoy, Raymond W.; Volek, Jeff S.; Kraemer, William J.

doi:10.1016/s0022-510x(00)00258-6

Cited by 56 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…4,13 This disruption of homeostasis activates complement, a pathway that is central to the development of inflammation. Complement serves to control inflammatory reactions and chemotaxis, assists with the clearance of immune complexes, activates cells and elicits antimicrobial defences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in acute-phase reactants (CRP, rheumatoid factor, complement, Factor B, and immune complexes) following an ultramarathon

Semple

Smith

McKune

et al. 2004

S. Afr. j. sports med.

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Objectives. The human body initiates an acute phase response (APR) in response to a wide range of homeostatic disturbances. This complex series of reactions serves to activate repair processes and prevent ongoing tissue damage. An important aspect of the APR is the de novo synthesis of acute phase proteins (APP), many of which have not been thoroughly investigated. Main outcome measures.Alterations in CRP (C-reactive protein), C1est, C3, C4, C6, rheumatoid factor (RF) and Factor B were determined before and after an ultramarathon. Data were analysed using a one-way analysis of variance comparing values to pre-exercise levels. Significance was set at p < 0.05.Design. Venepunctures were performed on athletes participating in an ultramarathon (90 km) 24 hours before, immediately post-exercise (IPE), and 3h, 24h and 72h after the race. Serum was stored at -80°C until analysed. CRP levels in serum were assessed using the N Latex CRP kit. The levels of circulating immune complexes (CIC) were determined using particle-enhanced nephelometry. Complement proteins C1est, C3, C4 and RF were measured using laser nephelometry. C6 and Factor B were determined by radial immunodiffusion. Results. CRP was significantly elevated IPE (58%), 3hpost (77%), 24h post (87%) and 72h post (69%). Pre-race CRP levels were above the normative range (5.10 ± 3.08 mg/l), C6 was significantly elevated (p < 0.05) at 24h post (7.8%) and 72h post (8.8%) exercise. Factor B was significantly elevated (p < 0.05) at 72h post exercise (12.8%). RF was significantly elevated at 72h post exercise (6.7%). Conclusion.Significant increases in selected acutephase reactants occur several days after the exercise event. In addition, as indicated by elevated resting levels of CRP, the athletes began the race with some degree of inflammation, presumably as a result of the cumulative training and racing mileage in preparation for the ultramarathon.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in acute-phase reactants (CRP, rheumatoid factor, complement, Factor B, and immune complexes) following an ultramarathon

Semple

Smith

McKune

et al. 2004

S. Afr. j. sports med.

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“…The diVerence in agonist muscle activity observed between the H and S protocol at the IP time point is a novel Wnding and is representative of the diVerences that can be elicited by varying the metabolic demand of RE through protocol variable arrangement. The phenomenon of increased muscle activity and decreased force output has been termed neuromuscular ineYciency (Deschenes et al 2000) and may be indicative of peripheral fatigue (Babault et al 2006;Bigland-Richie 1981;Bigland-Ritchie et al 1986). The current data are in agreement with previous studies that have elicited neuromuscular fatigue by using vascular occlusion (Moore et al 2004;Pierce et al 2006;Taylor et al 1997).…”

Section: Hypertrophymentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute hormonal and neuromuscular responses to hypertrophy, strength and power type resistance exercise

et al. 2008

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The purpose of the current study was to determine the acute neuroendocrine response to hypertrophy (H), strength (S), and power (P) type resistance exercise (RE) equated for total volume. Ten male subjects completed three RE protocols and a rest day (R) using a randomized cross-over design. The protocols included (1) H: 4 sets of 10 repetitions in the squat at 75% of 1RM (90 s rest periods); (2) S: 11 sets of three repetitions at 90% of 1RM (5 min rest periods); and (3) P: 8 sets of 6 repetitions of jump squats at 0% of 1RM (3 min rest periods). Total testosterone (T), cortisol (C), and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were determined prior to (PRE), immediately post (IP), 60 min post, 24 h post, and 48 h post exercise bout. Peak force, rate of force development, and muscle activity from the vastus medialis (VM) and biceps femoris (BF) were determined during a maximal isometric squat test. A unique pattern of response was observed in T, C, and SHBG for each RE protocol. The percent change in T, C, and SHBG from PRE to IP was significantly (p

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“…Exhaustive and/or unaccustomed exercises (particularly those involving high intensity muscle contractions) are known to induce temporary muscle damage (Deschenes et al, 2000;Gleeson, Blannin, Walsh, Field, & Pritchard, 1998), evidenced by muscle soreness, reduction in muscle strength, muscle swelling and a reduced range of motion of the joints involved (Cheung, Hume, & Maxwell, 2003;Jamurtas et al, 2005;Lavender & Nosaka, 2006). The explanation for exercise-induced muscle damage remains unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of the physiotherapeutic interventions used currently after exercise-induced muscle damage: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Torres

Ribeiro

Duarte

et al. 2012

Physical Therapy in Sport

114

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Introduction: Exhaustive and/or unaccustomed exercise, mainly involving eccentric muscle actions, induces temporary muscle damage, evidenced by delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) and decreased muscle function. Different strategies to recover from its signs and symptoms have been studied and, as a result, a significant number of articles on this issue have been published.Objective: To assess whether some modalities currently used in physiotherapy such as massage, cryotherapy, stretching and low-intensity exercise are effective for treating the signs and symptoms of exercise-induced muscle damage.Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), written in English or Portuguese, that included physiotherapeutic interventions [i.e., massage, cryotherapy, stretching and low-intensity exercise, on adult human subjects (18-60 years old) of both gender] were searched on electronic databases including MEDLINE, CINHAL, EMBASE, PEDro and SPORTDiscus.Main outcome measures: "Muscle soreness" and "muscle strength" were the outcome measures included in the meta-analysis.Results: Thirty-five studies were included; nine analysed the effects of massage, 10 examined the effects of cryotherapy, nine the effects of stretching and 17 focused on low-intensity exercise intervention.Massage was the only intervention with positive effects, reducing soreness at 24 hours, on average, 0.33 on 10 cm on VAS (95 percent CI: -0.59, -0.07) and increasing muscle recovery by 1.87 percent (95 percent CI: 0.30, 3.44). Additionally, there is inconclusive evidence to support the use of cryotherapy, while there is little evidence to prove the efficacy of stretching and low-intensity exercise.Conclusion: Massage proved slightly effective in the relief of symptoms and signs of exercise-induced muscle damage. Therefore, its mean effect was too small to be of clinical relevance. There is a lack of evidence to support the use of cryotherapy, stretching and low-intensity exercise.

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Neuromuscular disturbance outlasts other symptoms of exercise-induced muscle damage

Cited by 56 publications

References 28 publications

Alterations in acute-phase reactants (CRP, rheumatoid factor, complement, Factor B, and immune complexes) following an ultramarathon

Alterations in acute-phase reactants (CRP, rheumatoid factor, complement, Factor B, and immune complexes) following an ultramarathon

Acute hormonal and neuromuscular responses to hypertrophy, strength and power type resistance exercise

Evidence of the physiotherapeutic interventions used currently after exercise-induced muscle damage: Systematic review and meta-analysis

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