Neuromuscular synergies in motor control in normal and poststroke individuals

Israely, Sharon; Leisman, Gerry; Carmeli, Eli

doi:10.1515/revneuro-2017-0058

Cited by 24 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Finally, modifying the mechanical environments of the task can change muscle synergy structures and activations in stroke survivors and controls, since the first exposure to the forces. However, it is not yet clear which are the rehabilitative goals in terms of muscle coordination—for example, whether to promote muscle synergies resembling the ones of healthy individuals or new ones [ 95 , 96 ]. Preliminary evidence in acute stroke patients suggests that during motor recovery, altered muscle synergies tend to resemble the ones of healthy individuals [ 23 , 97 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Hemispheric Stroke Localization on the Reorganization of Arm Movements within Different Mechanical Environments

Pellegrino

Coscia

Pierella

et al. 2021

Life

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This study investigated how stroke’s hemispheric localization affects motor performance, spinal maps and muscle synergies while performing planar reaching with and without assistive or resistive forces. A lesion of the right hemisphere affected performance, reducing average speed and smoothness and augmenting lateral deviation in both arms. Instead, a lesion of the left hemisphere affected the aiming error, impairing the feedforward control of the ipsilesional arm. The structure of the muscle synergies had alterations dependent on the lesion side in both arms. The applied force fields reduced the differences in performance and in muscle activations between arms and among populations. These results support the hypotheses of hemispheric specialization in movement control and identify potential significant biomarkers for the design of more effective and personalized rehabilitation protocols.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Hemispheric Stroke Localization on the Reorganization of Arm Movements within Different Mechanical Environments

Pellegrino

Coscia

Pierella

et al. 2021

Life

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“…In principle, implicit memory can store information regarding a learned size scaling (Hyun Geun et al, 2018) which might be used to generate motor schemes (Miranda et al, 2018). Scaling of muscle synergy appears to be elemental in motor control (d 'Avella & Lacquaniti, 2013;Israely et al, 2018;Singh et al, 2018).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Learning Process Which Improves Symmetry in the Dynamics of Thoracic Rotation: A New Hope for the Amelioration of Motor Disabilities

Diederichs¹

2019

APE

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Intersegmental joint dynamics permit generalisability: that is, a combination of joints to achieve maximum attainable amplitude of one degree of freedom. Generalisability contains the information to configure all lesser amplitudes using many degrees. This paper describes a treatment to reduce asymmetry in thoracic rotation, which appears to cause motor disabilities and pain. It proposes a learning process to recalibrate the neuromuscular system. The treatment is based on classical conditioning in which actors receive instructions to control a specific coordinate of the dominant hand-the conditioned stimulus (CS)-to be paired with a tensile force-the unconditioned stimulus (US). This pairing of CS with US generates a sequence of events, the conditioned response (CR). To facilitate control, the hand first reaches the target position constraining the overall degrees of freedom to just one. This reduces the burden on the CNS to deal with the indeterminacy of limb lengths, the regulation of joint rotation and the combination of multiple joints for performing the motor task. The dynamics of this CR generates coupling, comparable to the dynamics described in coupling of posture and gait. To verify the theory: in Experiment 1, thirteen participants with acute motor impairment received three treatments; in Experiment 2, twenty-six healthy participants were randomly assigned into two groups to perform the experimental treatment with the dominant or the non-dominant hand, respectively, for comparison. Seven variables were measured: four ranges of motion, two perceived efforts, and one pain. In Groups 2 and 3, the improvement in thoracic symmetry was significant. The treatment is able to trigger a mechanism that detects a critical value and initiates a transition from the dynamics of the action system and task constraints to a default value. Additionally, the treatment is highlighted as a neuromodulation impacting muscle tone with long-lasting amelioration of motor disabilities and pain.

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“…32 Therefore, prolonged intervention may be needed to improve the soft tissue viscoelasticity and relieve the joint capsule adhesion. In addition, brain damage leads to abnormal motor patterns, 33 and more active activities may cause more serious abnormal motion patterns; accordingly, wearing 3D-printed orthoses for six weeks may be more effective in limiting the abnormal mode and reducing the incidence of false movements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a 3D-printed orthosis compared to a low-temperature thermoplastic plate orthosis on wrist flexor spasticity in chronic hemiparetic stroke patients: a randomized controlled trial

et al. 2019

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Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of two kinds of wrist-hand orthosis on wrist flexor spasticity in chronic stroke patients. Design: This is a randomized controlled trial. Setting: The study was conducted in a rehabilitation center. Participants: A total of 40 chronic hemiparetic stroke patients with wrist flexor spasticity were involved in the study. Interventions: Patients were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (conventional rehabilitation therapy + 3D-printed orthosis, 20 patients) or a control group (conventional rehabilitation therapy + low-temperature thermoplastic plate orthosis, 20 patients). The time of wearing orthosis was about 4–8 hours per day for six weeks. Main measures: Primary outcome measure: Modified Ashworth Scale was assessed three times (at baseline, three weeks, and six weeks). Secondary outcome measures: passive range of motion, Fugl-Meyer Assessment score, visual analogue scale score, and the swelling score were assessed twice (at baseline and six weeks). The subjective feeling score was assessed at six weeks. Results: No significant difference was found between the two groups in the change of Modified Ashworth Scale scores at three weeks (15% versus 25%, P = 0.496). At six weeks, the Modified Ashworth Scale scores (65% versus 30%, P = 0.02), passive range of wrist extension ( P < 0.001), ulnar deviation ( P = 0.028), Fugl-Meyer Assessment scores ( P < 0.001), and swelling scores ( P < 0.001) showed significant changes between the experimental group and the control group. No significant difference was found between the two groups in the change of visual analogue scale scores ( P = 0.637) and the subjective feeling scores ( P = 0.243). Conclusion: 3D-printed orthosis showed greater changes than low-temperature thermoplastic plate orthosis in reducing spasticity and swelling, improving motor function of the wrist and passive range of wrist extension for stroke patients.

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Neuromuscular synergies in motor control in normal and poststroke individuals

Cited by 24 publications

References 97 publications

Effects of Hemispheric Stroke Localization on the Reorganization of Arm Movements within Different Mechanical Environments

Effects of Hemispheric Stroke Localization on the Reorganization of Arm Movements within Different Mechanical Environments

A Learning Process Which Improves Symmetry in the Dynamics of Thoracic Rotation: A New Hope for the Amelioration of Motor Disabilities

Effects of a 3D-printed orthosis compared to a low-temperature thermoplastic plate orthosis on wrist flexor spasticity in chronic hemiparetic stroke patients: a randomized controlled trial

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