Neuron-related blood inflammatory markers as an objective evaluation tool for major depressive disorder: An exploratory pilot case-control study

Kuwano, Nobuki; Kato, Takahiro A.; Mitsuhashi, Masato; Sato-Kasai, Mina; Shimokawa, Norihiro; Hayakawa, Kohei; Ohgidani, Masahiro; Sagata, Noriyuki; Kubo, Hiroaki; Sakurai, Takeshi; Kanba, Shigenobu

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.07.040

Cited by 48 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…This study demonstrated that both the number of neural-derived exosomes as well as the expression of Aβ, neurofilament light chain, and high-mobility group box 1 potentially act as biomarkers of neuropsychological impairment in HIV (Sun et al, 2017). BDEs from plasma have also been tested in a pilot study to examine protein biomarkers for patients with major depressive disorder (Kuwano et al, 2018). Moreover, in military personal with mild traumatic brain injuries, compared with controls, the levels of tau, Aβ42, and IL-10 deposited by BDEs were elevated (Kuwano et al, 2018).…”

Section: Opportunities and Challengesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…BDEs from plasma have also been tested in a pilot study to examine protein biomarkers for patients with major depressive disorder (Kuwano et al, 2018). Moreover, in military personal with mild traumatic brain injuries, compared with controls, the levels of tau, Aβ42, and IL-10 deposited by BDEs were elevated (Kuwano et al, 2018). Cargo proteins and miRNA from astrocytic-derived exosomes have been analyzed to obtain mechanistic insight into AD (Goetzl et al, 2016b).…”

Section: Opportunities and Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brain Derived Exosomes Are a Double-Edged Sword in Alzheimer’s Disease

Song

Deng

et al. 2020

Front. Mol. Neurosci.

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Section: Opportunities and Challengesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Opportunities and Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain Derived Exosomes Are a Double-Edged Sword in Alzheimer’s Disease

Song

Deng

et al. 2020

Front. Mol. Neurosci.

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“…A novel method has been developed to predict the levels of proteins which are related to neuron-derived exosomes (NDE) by analyzing small amounts of human blood plasma using a sandwich immunoassay between anti-neuron antibody and antibodies against CD81 (an exosome marker) and against other proteins related to neuroinflammation and synaptic functions (Kawata et al, 2018). Using this method, we have recently reported that IL-34/CD81 levels were significantly higher in drug-free MDD patients (Kuwano et al, 2018a). IL-34 from neurons is known to be a crucial factor to maintain and activate microglia in the brain (Mizuno et al, 2011; Noto et al, 2014; Ohgidani et al, 2014).…”

Section: Future Suicide Studies Based On Human Multi-dimensional Analmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicide and Microglia: Recent Findings and Future Perspectives Based on Human Studies

Suzuki

Ohgidani

Kuwano

et al. 2019

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

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Suicide is one of the most disastrous outcomes for psychiatric disorders. Recent advances in biological psychiatry have suggested a positive relationship between some specific brain abnormalities and specific symptoms in psychiatric disorders whose organic bases were previously completely unknown. Microglia, immune cells in the brain, are regarded to play crucial roles in brain inflammation by releasing inflammatory mediators and are suggested to contribute to various psychiatric disorders such as depression and schizophrenia. Recently, activated microglia have been suggested to be one of the possible contributing cells to suicide and suicidal behaviors via various mechanisms especially including the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway. Animal model research focusing on psychiatric disorders has a long history, however, there are only limited animal models that can properly express psychiatric symptoms. In particular, to our knowledge, animal models of human suicidal behaviors have not been established. Suicide is believed to be limited to humans, therefore human subjects should be the targets of research despite various ethical and technical limitations. From this perspective, we introduce human biological studies focusing on suicide and microglia. We first present neuropathological studies using the human postmortem brain of suicide victims. Second, we show recent findings based on positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and peripheral blood biomarker analysis on living subjects with suicidal ideation and/or suicide-related behaviors especially focusing on the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway. Finally, we propose future perspectives and tasks to clarify the role of microglia in suicide using multi-dimensional analytical methods focusing on human subjects with suicidal ideation, suicide-related behaviors and suicide victims.

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“…Another study used an ELISA based method to detect inflammatory markers, in what is suggested to be neural-derived exosomes in a plasma sample. Anti-SNAP25, a neuron marker, was used as the capture antibody, and anti-CD81, a known exosome marker, along with inflammatory markers were used as the detection antibody 87 . After normalization, the ratio of IL34/CD81 was significantly higher in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) compared to controls, suggesting increased inflammation 87 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The emerging role of exosomes in mental disorders

et al. 2019

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Exosomes are a class of extracellular vesicles of endocytic origin, which are released by cells and are accessible in biofluids, such as saliva, urine, and plasma. These vesicles are enriched with small RNA, and they play a role in many physiological processes. In the brain, they are involved in processes including synaptic plasticity, neuronal stress response, cell-to-cell communication and neurogenesis. While exosomes have been implicated previously in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, research regarding their role in mental disorders remains scarce. Given their functional significance in the brain, investigation in this field is warranted. Additionally, because exosomes can cross the blood–brain barrier, they may serve as accessible biomarkers of neural dysfunction. Studying exosomes may provide information towards diagnosis and therapeutic intervention, and specifically those derived from the brain may provide a mechanistic view of the disease phenotype. This review will discuss the roles of exosomes in the brain, and relate novel findings to current insights into mental disorders.

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Neuron-related blood inflammatory markers as an objective evaluation tool for major depressive disorder: An exploratory pilot case-control study

Cited by 48 publications

References 86 publications

Brain Derived Exosomes Are a Double-Edged Sword in Alzheimer’s Disease

Brain Derived Exosomes Are a Double-Edged Sword in Alzheimer’s Disease

Suicide and Microglia: Recent Findings and Future Perspectives Based on Human Studies

The emerging role of exosomes in mental disorders

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