Neuronal control of swimming behavior: Comparison of vertebrate and invertebrate model systems

Mullins, Olivia J.; Hackett, John T.; Buchanan, James T.; Friesen, W. Otto

doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2010.11.001

Cited by 104 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 205 publications

(380 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The stronger these centers are stimulated, the higher the locomotion cycle frequency [Grillner, 2011]. Invertebrate locomotion, as in the leech, can also be subject to initiation by descending inputs [Brodfuehrer and Friesen, 1986a, b], so this appears to be a common feature of locomotor regulation in diverse animals [reviewed in Mullins et al, 2011].…”

Section: Role Of Descending Inputsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental Characterization of Tail Movements in the Appendicularian Urochordate Oikopleura dioica

Kréneisz

Glover²

2015

Brain Behav Evol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Using high-speed video cinematography, we characterized kinematically the spontaneous tail movements made by the appendicularian urochordate Oikopleura dioica. Videos of young adult (1-day-old) animals discriminated 4 cardinal movement types: bending, nodding, swimming and filtering, each of which had a characteristic signature including cyclicity, event or cycle duration, cycle frequency, cycle frequency variation, laterality, tail muscle segment coordination and episode duration. Bending exhibited a more common, unilateral form (single bending) and a rarer, bilateral form (alternating bending). Videos of developing animals showed that bending and swimming appeared in rudimentary form starting just after hatching and exhibited developmental changes in movement excursion, duration and frequency, whereas nodding and filtering appeared in the fully mature form in young adults at the time of first house production. More complex behaviors were associated with inflating, entering and exiting the house. We also assessed the influence of descending inputs by separating the tail (which contains all muscles and most likely the neural circuits that generate most motor outputs) from the head. Isolated tails spontaneously generated either bending or swimming movements in abnormally protracted episodes. This together with other observations of interactions between bending and swimming behaviors indicates the presence of several types of descending inputs that regulate the activity of the pattern generating circuitry in the tail nervous system.

show abstract

Section: Role Of Descending Inputsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental Characterization of Tail Movements in the Appendicularian Urochordate Oikopleura dioica

Kréneisz

Glover²

2015

Brain Behav Evol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Motor neurons can be simple passive effectors of the CPG, or they can interact with the CPG to influence its output. For example, excitatory motor neurons that receive input from the leech swimming CPG do not influence its output pattern; by contrast, inhibitory motor neurons synapse onto CPG neurons and can affect their activity (23). Motor neurons can also form part of the CPG.…”

Section: ) (E)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Motor neurons controlling fluid ingestion in Drosophila

Manzo

Silies

Gohl

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rhythmic motor behaviors such as feeding are driven by neural networks that can be modulated by external stimuli and internal states. In Drosophila, ingestion is accomplished by a pump that draws fluid into the esophagus. Here we examine how pumping is regulated and characterize motor neurons innervating the pump. Frequency of pumping is not affected by sucrose concentration or hunger but is altered by fluid viscosity. Inactivating motor neurons disrupts pumping and ingestion, whereas activating them elicits arrhythmic pumping. These motor neurons respond to taste stimuli and show prolonged activity to palatable substances. This work describes an important component of the neural circuit for feeding in Drosophila and is a step toward understanding the rhythmic activity producing ingestion.I n many systems, complex motion is controlled by central pattern generators (CPGs), neural circuits that can produce oscillatory activity independent of sensory input (1, 2). Feeding behaviors such as chewing and sucking require coordinated contraction of different muscle groups in a rhythmic pattern. In Drosophila, ingestion is driven by a pump located in the proboscis (3, 4). Although the mechanics of fluid ingestion have been examined in other insects, the neural circuits controlling ingestion have not been extensively characterized (5-7).The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is an excellent model system for examining neural control of fluid ingestion because both neurons and behavior can be studied using molecular and genetic approaches. In Drosophila, feeding begins with detection of a palatable food source followed by proboscis extension and fluid ingestion. Sensory neurons located in the proboscis, legs, mouthparts, wing margins, and ovipositor allow the fly to detect a variety of compounds, including sugars, bitter substances, carbon dioxide, and water (8-10). Many of these neurons send projections to the subesophageal ganglion (SOG) of the fly brain (11). Also located in the SOG are motor neurons that innervate muscles involved in feeding behaviors (12, 13). Two muscles (muscles 11 and 12) constitute a pump; the activity of these muscles fills a chamber (the cibarium) with fluid and expels the fluid into the esophagus (3,4,14). Previous work has identified motor neurons projecting to muscle 11; when these neurons are inhibited, food consumption on a short timescale decreases (15). Although neurons comprising a pump CPG have not been identified, there is evidence for a larval feeding CPG in Drosophila and other insects (16-18).How do pump motor neurons control ingestion? Motor neurons may be passive effectors of a pumping CPG or could contribute to its rhythm. We performed inducible activation and neuronal inhibition experiments to determine how motor neuron activity affects pumping. If motor neurons were passive effectors, activation would lead to prolonged contraction of the target muscles. If motor neuron activity influenced a pumping CPG, activation could produce pumping.In this work we examine the regulation of pu...

show abstract

“…In the lobster stomatogastric nervous system, DA has been shown to be an important modulator altering motor pattern expression (Ayali and Harris-Warrick, 1999;Mullins et al, 2011;Vidal-Gadea et al, 2011). The actions of DA are often mediated through multiple and sometimes opposing modulatory effects on neurons within a given circuit.…”

Section: Implication Of Multiple Da Receptor Subtypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of these advantages and the accessibility of its nervous system for electrophysiological studies, multiple behaviors in the leech have been analyzed at the level of individual cells, including a cellular-level understanding of behavioral decisionmaking . Because network computational functions and biochemical signaling pathways are remarkably similar to their vertebrate counterparts (Burrell and Sahley, 2001;Mullins et al, 2011), studies in the leech often have broad instructional value.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms contributing to the dopamine induction of crawl-like bursting in leech motoneurons

Crisp

Gallagher

Mesce

2012

Journal of Experimental Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY Dopamine (DA) activates fictive crawling behavior in the medicinal leech. To identify the cellular mechanisms underlying this activation at the level of crawl-specific motoneuronal bursting, we targeted potential cAMP-dependent events that are often activated through DA 1 -like receptor signaling pathways. We found that isolated ganglia produced crawl-like motoneuron bursting after bath application of phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDIs) that upregulated cAMP. This bursting persisted in salines in which calcium ions were replaced with equimolar cobalt or nickel, but was blocked by riluzole, an inhibitor of a persistent sodium current. PDI-induced bursting contained a number of patterned elements that were statistically similar to those observed during DA-induced fictive crawling, except that one motoneuron (CV) exhibited bursting during the contraction rather than the elongation phase of crawling. Although DA and the PDIs produced similar bursting profiles, intracellular recordings from motoneurons revealed differences in altered membrane properties. For example, DA lowered motoneuron excitability whereas the PDIs increased resting discharge rates. We suggest that PDIs (and DA) activate a sodium-influx-dependent timing mechanism capable of setting the crawl rhythm and that multiple DA receptor subtypes are involved in shaping and modulating the phase relationships and membrane properties of cell-specific members of the crawl network to generate crawling.

show abstract

Neuronal control of swimming behavior: Comparison of vertebrate and invertebrate model systems

Cited by 104 publications

References 205 publications

Developmental Characterization of Tail Movements in the Appendicularian Urochordate <b><i>Oikopleura dioica</i></b>

Developmental Characterization of Tail Movements in the Appendicularian Urochordate <b><i>Oikopleura dioica</i></b>

Motor neurons controlling fluid ingestion in Drosophila

Mechanisms contributing to the dopamine induction of crawl-like bursting in leech motoneurons

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About