Neuronal correlates of signal detection in the posterior parietal cortex of rats performing a sustained attention task

Broussard, John I.; Sarter, Martin; Givens, Bennet

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.08.030

Cited by 33 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Other studies have shown that PPC neurons respond to target, but not task-irrelevant, stimuli (Broussard et al, 2006), whereas PFC neurons respond to target and distractor stimuli (Gill et al, 2000). A critical methodological difference may account for the discrepancy between previous work and our finding.…”

contrasting

confidence: 99%

“…In the previous study, recordings were made after the rats were repeatedly exposed to the distractor. Repeated exposure to a distractor produces performance of ϳ70% accuracy in detecting signals in the presence a 0.5 Hz flashing house light (Gill et al, 2000;Broussard et al, 2006). In contrast, our Sham-LX subjects accurately detected 40% of signals during the flashing house-light session.…”

mentioning

confidence: 65%

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Cholinergic Deafferentation of Prefrontal Cortex Increases Sensitivity to Cross-Modal Distractors during a Sustained Attention Task

Newman¹,

McGaughy²

2008

J. Neurosci.

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The effects of restricted cholinergic deafferentation of prefrontal cortex in rats on sustained attention were assessed. Attentional demands were increased by presentation of distractor stimuli in a different modality (auditory) or the same modality (visual) as target stimuli. Additionally, the effects of the regularity of the distractor on rats' ability to disregard this stimulus were assessed by testing different frequencies of stimuli for each modality. Cholinergically lesioned rats were more sensitive to the effects of auditory distractors than nonlesioned rats, whereas visual distractors of any frequency potently impaired the performance of all subjects. The effects of the auditory stimuli on attentional performance varied depending on the frequency of the tone. A tone with a predictable pattern enhanced signal detection in all rats. An irregular tone selectively impaired performance of rats with cholinergic lesions. Additional tests suggest that rats use the regular tone to time when to attend. Lesioned rats were impaired when the regular tone was presented with a more variable intertrial interval in a subsequent testing session, suggesting impairments in top-down control. In addition to changes in top-down control of attention, differential effects on performance based on the regularity of the tone suggest that stimulus properties encoded by bottom-up processes are also altered after lesioning. The current data suggest that cholinergic deafferentation of prefrontal cortex alters top-down and bottom-up processing of stimuli.

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confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 65%

Cholinergic Deafferentation of Prefrontal Cortex Increases Sensitivity to Cross-Modal Distractors during a Sustained Attention Task

Newman¹,

McGaughy²

2008

J. Neurosci.

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“…These are all regions that have been implicated in visuospatial functions (Vaudano et al, 1991;Shi and Cassell, 1997;Broussard et al, 2006). The pattern of subcortical connections of the POR also supports a strong bias towards visual information processing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Functional neuroanatomy of the parahippocampal region in the rat: The perirhinal and postrhinal cortices

et al. 2007

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The parahippocampal region in the rodent brain includes the perirhinal, postrhinal, and entorhinal cortices, the presubiculum, and the parasubiculum. In recent years, the perirhinal and postrhinal cortices have been a focus in memory research because they supply highly processed, polymodal sensory information to the hippocampus, both directly and via the entorhinal cortex. Available evidence indicates that these cortices receive different complements of cortical information, which are then forwarded to the hippocampus via parallel pathways. Here we have summarized the cortical, subcortical, and hippocampal connections of the perirhinal and postrhinal cortices in order to provide further insight into the nature of the information that is processed by these regions prior to arriving in the hippocampus. As has been previously described, the cortical afferents of the rodent postrhinal cortex are dominated by structures known to be involved in the processing of visual and spatial information, whereas the cortical afferents of the perirhinal cortex result in remarkable convergence of polymodal sensory information. The two regions are also differentiated by their cortical efferents. The perirhinal cortex projects more strongly to piriform, frontal, and insular regions, whereas the postrhinal cortex projects preferentially to visual and visuospatial regions. The subcortical connections of the two regions provide further evidence that they have different functions. For example, the perirhinal cortex has strong reciprocal connections with the amygdala, which suggest involvement in processing affective stimuli. Subcortical input to the postrhinal cortex is dominated by projections from dorsal thalamic structures, particularly the lateral posterior nucleus. Although the perirhinal and postrhinal cortices are considered to contribute to the episodic memory system, many questions remain about their particular roles. A detailed description of the anatomical connections of the perirhinal and postrhinal cortices will permit the generation of new, anatomically guided, hypotheses about their role in episodic memory and other cognitive processes.

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“…In Mongolian gerbils, isolation rearing reduces the axonal projections from the mPFC to the parietal cortex (Bagorda, Teuchert-Noodt, & Lehmann, 2006). It has been known that the parietal cortex in humans is involved in the modulation of spatial attention by fear-conditioned stimuli (Armony & Dolan, 2002), and the parietal cortex in rats is involved in maintaining selective attention to signals (Broussard, Sarter, & Givens, 2006;Corwin & Reep, 1998). Although it is still unclear whether isolation rearing in rats causes dysconnection between the mPFC and the parietal cortex, and even neural damage to the parietal cortex, in future studies it will be important to address whether multimodal parietal regions of rats, such as the posterior parietal cortex, contribute to the precedence-effect-induced enhancement of PPI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precedence-effect-induced enhancement of prepulse inhibition in socially reared but not isolation-reared rats

et al. 2009

Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience

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Attention to a prepulse presented shortly before a startling stimulus enhances prepulse inhibition (PPI) of startle in normal people, but not in schizophrenics. Fear conditioning for the prepulse enhances PPI in socially reared, but not isolation-reared, rats. In humans, selective attention to acoustic signals against masking can be facilitated by precedence-effect-induced perceived spatial separation between the signal and the masker. This study investigated whether perceived spatial separation between a prepulse and a noise masker enhances PPI in socially reared rats and isolation-reared rats. The results show that both PPI and conditioning-induced PPI enhancement were larger in socially reared rats than in isolation-reared rats. More important, in socially reared, but not isolation-reared, rats, a further PPI enhancement was induced by precedence-effect-induced perceived separation between a prepulse and a masker only after the prepulse became fear conditioned. Thus, perceived separation facilitates normal rats' attention to a conditioned prepulse and enhances PPI. Isolation rearing impairs rats' ability to attend to ecologically significant acoustic events.

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Neuronal correlates of signal detection in the posterior parietal cortex of rats performing a sustained attention task

Cited by 33 publications

References 72 publications

Cholinergic Deafferentation of Prefrontal Cortex Increases Sensitivity to Cross-Modal Distractors during a Sustained Attention Task

Cholinergic Deafferentation of Prefrontal Cortex Increases Sensitivity to Cross-Modal Distractors during a Sustained Attention Task

Functional neuroanatomy of the parahippocampal region in the rat: The perirhinal and postrhinal cortices

Precedence-effect-induced enhancement of prepulse inhibition in socially reared but not isolation-reared rats

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