Neuropathological Brain Mapping

The risk of dementia is increased in stroke patients. Dementia syndromes associated with cerebrovascular diseases were commonly recognized as an immediate consequence of stroke. However, more and more data suggest that degenerative pathology and white matter changes (WMC) may play a role in the development of dementia in stroke patients. The aim of this paper was to review the literature concerning the neuroimaging predictors of dementia in stroke patients. From the literature data, it appears that although vascular lesions alone may lead to dementia, in stroke patients, no clear association between stroke location and size has yet been identified, even if the role of the left hemisphere has been suggested. The influence of silent infarcts remains undetermined while more and more data suggest that global cerebral atrophy and WMC are predictive factors of post-stroke dementia (PSD). The influence of medial temporal lobe atrophy on the risk of PSD has until now never been evaluated.

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Perception, attention, and working memory are disproportionately impaired in dementia with Lewy bodies compared with Alzheimer's disease

Calderón

Perry²,

Erzinçlioğlu³

et al. 2001

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery &Amp; Psychiatry

292

233

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Objective-To test the hypotheses that visuoperceptual and attentional ability are disproportionately impaired in patients having dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) compared with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods-A comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tasks designed to assess working, episodic, and semantic memory, and visuoperceptual and attentional functions was given to groups of patients with DLB (n=10) and AD (n=9), matched for age, education, and mini mental state examination (MMSE), and to normal controls (n=17). Results-Both patient groups performed equally poorly on tests of episodic and semantic memory with the exception of immediate and delayed story recall, which was worse in the AD group. Digit span was by contrast spared in AD. The most striking diVerences were on tests of visuoperceptual/spatial ability and attention. Whereas patients with AD performed normally on several subtests of the visual object and space perception battery, the DLB group showed substantial impairments. In keeping with previous studies, the AD group showed deficits in selective attention and set shifting, but patients with DLB were more impaired on virtually every test of attention with deficits in sustained, selective, and divided attention. Conclusions-Patients with DLB have substantially greater impairment of attention, working memory, and visuoperceptual ability than patients with AD matched for overall dementia severity. Semantic memory seems to be equally aVected in DLB and AD, unlike episodic memory, which is worse in AD. These findings may have relevance for our understanding of the genesis of visual hallucinations, and the diVerential diagnosis of AD and DLB. (J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2001;70:157-164)

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Neuropathological Brain Mapping

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Poststroke dementia

Poststroke dementia

Neuroimaging Predictors of Dementiain Stroke Patients

Perception, attention, and working memory are disproportionately impaired in dementia with Lewy bodies compared with Alzheimer's disease

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